Abstract: The low-speed pre-ignition severely restricts the combustion efficiency of gasoline engines. Among factors affecting the low-speed pre-ignition, lubricant additives play a vital role. The effects of the additives containing calcium, zinc, molybdenum, magnesium, and sodium on low-speed pre-ignition of engines and the mechanisms are reviewed. In order to reduce the frequency of low-speed pre-ignition, optimization measures in composition and formula of lubricant additives are suggested.

Key words: lubricating oil, additives, gasoline engine, LSPI, super knock