Abstract: The residue hydrotreating pilot tests were carried out at 14.5 MPa, 385 ℃ and 390 ℃, LHSV of 0.20，0.30，0.40 h-1, and H2/oil of 700, respectively, using the Middle-East high sulfur AR as feedstock.The results showed that the sulfur content，carbon residue，metal (Ni+V) content and nitrogen content of the hydrogenated oil were all reduced as the LHSV decreased under the other process conditions unchanged. Furthermore, two sets of industrial fixed-bed residue hydrogenation units were revamped. For refinery A，adding an upflow reactor in front of the original fixed bed first reactor made the capacity of the unit increase from 0.84 Mt/a to 1.5 Mt/a. During 9th operation cycle(RUN-9)，the sulfur content in the hydrotreated residue was less than 0.5%, nitrogen was between 0.2% to 0.3%，metal (Ni + V) content below 15 μg/g，and Conradson carbon residue between 3% to 5%. Time on stream（TOS）was prolonged from 240 d to 480 d. For refinery B，a fixed bed reactor was added after the original second reactor of the fixed bed system，the LHSV of the unit decreased from 0.4h-1 to 0.25 h-1. Compared with RUN-9 results before the revamp, HDS rate in RUN-12 was slightly increased，while the HDCCR rate，HDM rate and HDN rate were all significantly increased. TOS of the unit was prolonged from 335 d to 518 d.

Key words: fixed bed, residue hydotreating, carbon residue, space velocity