关键词: 碱催化技术, 石油加工, 原油直接制化学品, 绿色, 低碳

Abstract: Base catalytic technology and converting crude oil to chemicals is getting more attention recently. In this paper, CNOOC DPC (Direct Petroleum Cut to Chemicals & Materials) base catalytic technology was thoroughly reported for the first-time including catalyst properties, industrial experiment performances, comparison of base catalytic technology and acid catalytic technology, and reaction characteristics and mechanisms. The key of DPC basic catalysis technology is to synthesize mesoporous materials with high hydrothermal stability and base catalyst with high base activity stability on the basis of the discovery of new catalytic materials that can greatly reduce the yields of coke and dry gas, and develop a new intensified reaction-regeneration catalytic process. The DPC base catalysis process has more advantages than delayed coking (DC) process and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) technology in terms of processing heavy oil and inferior feedstock. Furthermore, the DPC base catalysis process also has more advantages than heavy oil atmospheric residue or vacuum residue hydrotreating process such as atmospheric residue desulfurization (ARDS) and vacuum residue desulfurization (VRDS) technologies. DPC technology leads to a much higher chemical yield, lower dry gas yield and coke formation. It is the only technology in petrochemical industry that is suitable for various types of feedstocks such as crude oil, vacuum gas oil, atmospheric residue, vacuum residue, and oil sands bitumen. It was preliminarily confirmed that the DPC base catalysis technology followed the reaction mechanism of carbanion, and almost did not occur hydrogen transfer and aromatic condensation reaction. However, it also showed a certain ability of cracking and isomerization reaction. It is a subversive technology of the current catalytic treatment of heavy oil with molecular sieve solid acid, which can replace DC, FCC, ARDS and VRDS processes, and provide theoretical and technical guidance, support and guidance for the direct production of chemicals from crude oil.

Key words: base catalytic technology, petroleum processing, crude oil to chemical, green, low carbon