非常规石油绿色热改质技术研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 非常规石油因黏度高、流动性差，严重制约其输送和下游深加工，如何进行轻质化改质成为其开发利用的关键。在严格的环保要求和“双碳”政策驱动下，非常规石油改质势必朝绿色、清洁方向发展。基于此，综述了以重油为典型代表的非常规石油绿色热改质技术研究进展，包括传统临氢/供氢热裂化改质技术、超临界水改质技术、临水煤气降黏改质技术以及临甲烷改质技术，分析了各种绿色改质技术的优势、制约因素、工业应用和前景等，为重油绿色改质技术的创新和发展提供参考和指导。

关键词: 重质油, 绿色轻质化, 降黏改质, 超临界水改质, 临水煤气改质, 临甲烷改质

Abstract: Unconventional oil has high viscosity and poor fluidity, which severely restricts its transportation and downstream processing. How to upgradeit has become the key to its development and utilization. Driven by stringent environmental protection requirements and the dual-carbon policy, the upgrading of unconventional oil is bound to move towards a green and clean direction. Based on this, this paper reviews the research progress in the greenthermal upgrading technologies for unconventional oil, with heavy oil as a typical representative. These technologies include traditional hydrogen/hydrogen donor thermal cracking , upgrading with supercritical water , upgrading with hydrogen from water-gas shift reaction, and upgrading under methane. The theoretical research foundations, technical advantages, constraints, industrial application progress, and prospects of various green upgrading technologies are analyzed, providing reference and guidance for the innovation and development of green upgrading technology for heavy oil.

Key words: heavy oil, green upgrading, viscosity reduction and upgrading, upgrading with supercritical water, upgrading with hydrogen from water-gas shift reaction, upgrading under methane

齐以强刘贺韩莉谢丽颖张啸杞杨颖李维宁郭爱军陈坤王宗贤. 非常规石油绿色热改质技术研究进展[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(4): 25-32.

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