关键词: 催化裂化, 汽油, 辛烷值, 烯烃, 低碳烯烃, 碳排放

Abstract: Tracing back the development process and technological transformation route of the core technology of gasoline production, catalytic cracking (FCC) process. Under the drive of heavy and inferior raw materials, technologies for pre-treatment of distillate oil, residual oil, heavy oil, and catalytic cracking of heavy oil have been sorted out. In response to the market's demand for gasoline quality, this article elaborates on the research progress of clean catalytic cracking gasoline products from the aspects of unleaded gasoline, reducing gasoline olefin and sulfur content, etc. Based on this, a series of transformative catalytic cracking processes are continuously developed. It mainly includes dual reaction zone catalytic cracking (MIP),deep catalytic cracking (DCC), targeted catalytic cracking to olefins(TCO) for low-cost production of light olefins, integration of FCC gas oil hydrotreating(HAR) and highly selective catalytic cracking(HSCC) for maximizing liquid yield(IHCC), etc. The future catalytic cracking process not only faces the challenge of transformation and development, but also needs to meet the "the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals" requirements. Its target products will gradually shift from gasoline to light olefins in a flexible and controllable manner, while reducing CO₂ emissions in the production process. This will become a new driving force for the technological transformation of catalytic cracking processes in the future, promoting the development of catalytic cracking technology to a higher level.

Key words: catalytic cracking, gasoline, octane number, olefin, light olefin, carbon emission