Abstract: The changing in global crude supply-demand structure and developing trend are analyzed. During the 11th five-year plan period, SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation (SEI) has designed or retrofitted a number of new and existing refinery or petrochemical complex projects having different characteristics, four typical overall processing flows among them are reviewed. To further demonstrate the impact of selecting appropriate heavy oil upgrading scheme on plant profit, four heavy oil processing schemes involved novel technology and combined process are studied from perspective of liquid products production and investment return, techno-economically. Besides, coping with the change of crude supply structure, the incorporation of petroleum substitute fuel production in modern refinery is also discussed. The technical schemes of direct liquefaction of coal to oil and combined direct/indirect liquefaction of coal to oil are compared. Finally, some countermeasures for engineering design to cope with the change of crude supply-demand structure are proposed.