Abstract: In the context of “Dual-carbon targets”, carbon neutrality will have a profound impact on the development of economy, society, technology and lifestyle of human in the next thirty years. To achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is a key measure to reduce CO₂ emissions. The CCUS technology based on microalgae could convert CO₂ to high value-added biomass through photosynthesis, which has the advantages of environmentally-friendly and resource sustainability. Based on the current status of numerous carbon capture and utilization technologies, this article focused on summarizing the application potential of CO₂ removing by microalgae, the dissolution, transport and transformation process of CO₂ in the aquaculture system. The effective methods to improve the carbon sequestration efficiency of microalgae were discussed, including enhancing CO₂ mass transfer and optimizing the regulation of efficient reactor, and the assistance of information technology in the efficient cultivation and production of microalgae was also introduced. The diversified utilization pathways of microalgae biomass in many fields such as bio-energy, protein substitution and high-value products were summarized. Finally, the economic feasibility, market prospects, and cost optimization strategies were systematically discussed in order to promote the application of CCUS technology by microalgae in carbon neutrality.

Key words: microalgae, CCUS, gas-liquid mass transfer, breeding system, economic feasibility