ELECTRO-REGULATED SUPERLUBRICITY BEHAVIOR AND MECHANISMS OF BLACK PHOSPHORUS NANO-ADDITIVES

Abstract

Abstract: A composite lubricating solution was prepared using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the base oil and black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets as additives. The tribological behavior of the composite solution on steel surfaces under electrical signal stimulation was investigated, along with the influence of multiple factors on friction. Compared to tests without electrical stimulation, negative electrical stimulation significantly reduced the coefficient of friction (COF), while positive stimulation caused a notable increase in COF. under the conditions of -0.25 V voltage,BP concentration of 25~100 μg/g, normal load of 2~4 N, and sliding speed of 100 mm/s, the composite solution achieved macroscale superlubricity on steel surfaces. The worn surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that the superlubricity mechanism under negative electrical stimulation primarily arises from the synergistic effects of three factors: the electrically induced full oxidation of BP to form a POx-containing tribochemical reaction film, a PEG adsorption film, and a PEG fluid film. This study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving macroscale superlubricity on steel interfaces via electrical stimulation, thereby laying the foundation for the practical application of superlubricity technology in engineering environments.

Key words: black phosphorus, electric stimulation, superlubricity, current-carrying lubrication

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