PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS

CFHL TECHNOLOGY FOR LOW TEMPERATURE F-T SYNTHETIC OIL HYDROUPGRADING AND ITS INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

2017, 48(3): 1-4.

Asbtract ( 388 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper introduced the RIPP`s low temperature F-T synthetic oil hydro-upgrading CFHL technology and its commercialization. The operating conditions on the effect of iso-hydrocracking reactions were explored. The results show that temperature, hydrogen pressure and space velocity significantly influence the iso-hydrocracking reaction, while the effect of H2/oil ratio is much less. The industrial application of CFHL shows that the cetane number of the hydrotreated diesel is 81 and the freezing point is below -20 ℃. The selectivity of iso-hydrocracking diesel exceeds 82.2%, while the cetane number of iso-hydrocracking diesel is 76 with a freezing point below -53 ℃.

RESEARCH ON THE STARTING UP PROCESS OF SIMULATED MOVING BED FOR PARA-XYLENE SEPARATION

2017, 48(3): 5-10.

Asbtract ( 478 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The model of simulated moving bed(SMB) for xylene separation is established, considering the axial dispersion in the void volume，based on the adsorption equilibrium constants and mass transfer coefficients obtained from experiments. The simulation results and the industrial plant data are concordant. The effect of pre-saturated components, operation parameters on SMB process is investigated. Results show, reduction of ethylbenzene, meta-xylene and ortho-xylene in the pre-saturated components, increasing feed rate and purification zone flowrate are all benefit for shortening the start-up time of SMB process.

REGENERATION OF WASTE LUBE OIL BY FULL HYDROGENATION TECHNOLOGY

2017, 48(3): 11-16.

Asbtract ( 417 )

PDF

Related Articles | Metrics

The first cycle operation of 2.0 Mt/a residual oil hydrotreating unit was analyzed. The operation results for 15 months show that in the case of capacity 104% of the design load, FZC series catalysts showed good activities in hydrogenation and metal removal. The density, contents of S and N, residual carbon, asphaltene and metals (Ni+V) of the product can meet or even be better than the design values and can be used as a catalytic cracking feed. The negative effects of the inferior raw material, the heat high pressure separator gas entrainment with heavy hydrocarbon, and the circulating hydrogen desulfurization tower foaming, and the high pressure heat exchanger fouling are all overcome by taking corresponding optimization measures.

RESEARCH ON VISCOSITY REDUCTION OF INDONESIAN TAR SAND OIL BY THERMAL CONVERSION

2017, 48(3): 22-25.

Asbtract ( 364 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The properties of Indonesian tar sand oil were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. The visbreaking process for upgrading the oil was tested by autoclave at the conditions of 380-440 ℃，N2 pressure of (1±0.1) MPa, reaction time of 5-60 min, and stirring rate of 200 r/min to investigate the changes of viscosity reduction rate, coking rate, and reaction depth. The results show that at the reaction conditions of 420 ℃, 30 min, the coking rate is 0.91%, the kinetic viscosity of product is 395 mPa?s at 50 ℃ and the viscosity reduction rate reaches 99.62%.

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF RESIDUE THERMAL CRACKING AT HIGH/LOW TEMPERATURES WITH HYDROGEN AND CATALYST

2017, 48(3): 26-31.

Asbtract ( 363 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Thermal crackings of KWTVR and YZVR were each investigated by autoclave with hydrogen and catalyst at 460 ℃, shorter residence time and 425 ℃, longer residence time. The results show that the thermal cracking is the primary reaction in the residue thermal conversion in hydrogen. For the same kind of residue and at similar conversion, the sulfur and nitrogen removal rates of gasoline and diesel, and alkanes yield are all lower, while the yield of toluene insoluble is higher at conditions of high cracking temperature and shorter residence time, compared with lower temperature and longer residence time.

INVESTIGATION OF EBULLATED BED HYDROPROCESSING FOR RESIDUE WITH HIGH IRON/CALCIUM CONTENT

2017, 48(3): 32-37.

Asbtract ( 358 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Using Yichang residue having high iron/calcium content as a feed, its cracking performance, impurity removal performance and catalyst initial deactivation were investigated by continuously stirred tank reactor simulating ebullated bed. The results show that the reaction temperature is the main factor that affects the cracking rate and impurity removal rate. Pore plugging due to the deposition of coke and sulfide metals effects the catalyst deactivation and further the process economy. The content of iron and calcium is the key factor to determine whether an ebullated bed be adopted to refine high iron/calcium residue.

INFLUENCE OF SWELLING TIME ON PROPERTIES OF RUBBER POWDER MODIFIED ASPHALT

2017, 48(3): 38-42.

Asbtract ( 387 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A series of crumb rubber modified asphalt samples was prepared with different swelling times and analyzed by dynamic shear rheomter and bending beam rheometer. The influence of swelling time on properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt though analysis of high temperature parameters (viscosity, soft point, rutting factor) and low temperature parameters (ductility, creep stiffness). The results show that the properties of the modified asphalt were improved both at high and low temperature by adding rubber power into base asphalt, the compatibility and storage stability is better. However, the temperature sensitivity goes up as extending the swelling time, indicating slightly decrease of properties both at high and low temperature.

SCUM ADSORBENT REGENERATION PERFORMANCE AND THE EFFECT OF COMBINED USE WITH POLYALUMINIUM CHLORIDE

2017, 48(3): 43-47.

Asbtract ( 405 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A kind of scum adsorbents was prepared from oily scum and its adsorption performance was studied. The results indicate that carbon content is high in the scum adsorbent with rough surface morphology and irregular porous structure. The pore size distribution is mainly mesopores. The static adsorption show that the removal rate of COD and oil in oilfield sewage is 91.51% and 87.13%, respectively, higher than the reference wood-based activated carbon. The saturated capacity of COD in oilfield wastewater is greater than the wood-based activated carbon, proved by the dynamic adsorption results. The regeneration experiments indicate that the removal of COD and oil in the wastewater is prior to wood-based activated carbon under equal conditions, even after twice regenerations. When the scum adsorbent is used in combination with poly-aluminum chloride, the COD and oil concentration after treatment can be reduced to 37.63 mg/L and 2.183 mg/L, respectively, meeting the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard in LiaoNing province”（DB21/1627—2008).

ADSORPTION THERMODYNAMICS OF n-OCTANE OVER ZEOLITES WITH DIFFERENT CONTENT OF RARE EARTH

2017, 48(3): 48-53.

Asbtract ( 343 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The adsorption thermodynamics (adsorption heat, enthalpy change, entropy change) and the related regularities of n-octane adsorbed on REY zeolites with different content of rare earth ion was studied by high precision intelligent gravimetric analyzer (IGA) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) techniques. The activity modification principle was analyzed by TPD combined with dynamic results. It is discovered that the interaction magnitude of the adsorbent with the adsorption sites on the zeolite is related to the content of the rare earth. A higher content of rare earth introduction strengthens interaction and make the adsorbent stay in zeolite long time, leading to an excessive cracking and coking due to strong adsorption and difficult desorption. The introduction of appropriate amount of rare earth (4% Ce2O3) can mildly modulate the adsorption strength on zeolite active sites, so that the order is regularized and the residence time of adsorbate molecule in the zeolite pores is changed, which is helpful macromolecule cracking reaction occur and improve the yield of the target product.

DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALTENE INHIBITOR/ DISPERSANT

2017, 48(3): 54-57.

Asbtract ( 357 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A new type of asphalt dispersant was prepared by using polyisobutylene succinimide, imidazole，and salicylaldehyde as materials and characterized by FT-IR. The effects of molar ratio of the material，reaction time and temperature on the scale inhibition performance of the product were investigated；the weight loss analysis was used to test the corrosion inhibition performance of product; and the effect of the ratio of scale inhibitor components on the asphaltene inhibition was discussed. The results show that the best synthetic conditions for asphalt dispersant are: mole ratio of 2:2:1 for polyisobutylene succinimide: imidazole: salicylaldehyd, and reaction time of 5 h at 140 ℃. IR spectrum shows that the desired product is synthesized；No thermal weight loss in 200—380 ℃ indicates the good thermal stability of the product. When 150 μg/g product was added, the asphaltene inhibition rate is up to 79.0%，and the corrosion-inhibiting rate is up to 84.6%.

COAL TAR SEPARATION BY EXTRACTION AND PRODUCT PROPERTIES

2017, 48(3): 58-62.

Asbtract ( 424 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The non-aromatic hydrocarbon (NAH), fraction rich in aromatic (< 360 ℃) and soft pitch were separated from coal tar by DMF extraction under optimal conditions: 50 ℃，solvent/coal tar of 1.5，with yields of 20.8%, 38.7% and 40.5%, respectively. Compared with the components distilled directly from coal tar, aromatics content was more enriched in <360 ℃ fraction from solvent extraction. No significant difference in content of TI and QI of the refined soft pitch and the soft pitch distilled directly is found. However, after the pitches were thermally polymerized at 420 ℃ for 2.8 h at atmospheric pressure, the content of beta resin in refined soft pitch is greatly improved, reaching to 23.1% with a softening point of 101.6 ℃, meeting the quality of binder pitch for electrodes. In addition, NAH is made up of cycloparaffins and paraffins, which can be used as a catalytic cracking feedstock.

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM ON CARBON DEPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS OF IRON-BASED CATALYST DURING DIRECT CONVERSION OF SYNGAS TO LIGHT OLEFINS

2017, 48(3): 63-67.

Asbtract ( 353 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The catalyst samples with different K/Fe atomic ratios were prepared by doping K on the ferric hydroxide precipitate, denoted as Kn/Fe (n represents 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.40, 0.80 and 1.00, respectively) and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, Raman, TG-DTG, and element analysis. The effects of K/Fe on carbon deposition characteristics and reaction activity were investigated. The results show that the addition of potassium can improve the performance for CO hydrogenation to light olefins and increase the selectivity of C2=~C4=. The best K/Fe atomic ratio in this paper is n=0.04. However, excessive addition of potassium have an opposite effects. The addition of potassium is more advantageous to the generation of graphite like coke which may leads to decrease the activity and the stability of the catalyst. Meanwhile, with the increase of K/Fe atomic ratio, the amount of carbon deposition increases gradually, and the level of fat and H/C mole ratio in coke is increased.

SELECTIVITY OF HYDRO-PROCESSES FOR POLY-RING AROMATICS HYDROGENATION SATURATION ON Ni-Mo-W/Al2O3 AND Co-Mo/Al2O3 CATALYSTS

2017, 48(3): 68-74.

Asbtract ( 438 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The influence of hydro-processing parameters on poly-ring aromatics saturation of FCC light cycle oil over Ni-Mo-W/γ-Al2O3 and Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts was studied in a pilot plant. The results show that Ni-Mo-W catalyst has a higher aromatics saturation activity than Co-Mo catalyst at the same reaction temperature；the mono-ring aromatics selectivity and yield on Co-Mo catalyst is generally better than that of Ni-Mo-W catalyst; and the selective saturation performance of Ni-Mo-W catalyst is more susceptible to the processing parameters. To realize the high rate of poly-ring aromatics saturation and the maximization of mono-aromatics yield, lower reaction temperature is better for Ni-Mo-W catalyst, while Co-Mo catalyst is suitable for the reaction at moderate reaction temperature and higher reaction pressure.

EFFECT OF TI MODIFIED ALUMINA SURFACE ON DISPERSION OF SUPPORTED Mo

2017, 48(3): 75-80.

Asbtract ( 287 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

High angle annular dark field–scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) techniques were used to study the size of MoO3 and the average length and layer numbers of MoS2 slabs after sulfidation, respectively, in Mo/Al2O3, Mo/6%TiO2-Al2O3 and Mo/12%TiO2-Al2O3 catalysts. It is found that TiO2 modification makes the size of MoO3 particle increases from 0.7 nm to 1 nm in oxidized catalyst, the average layer numbers of MoS2 increases from 1.1 to 1.2 layers in sulfided catalyst, while the length increases from 3 nm to 3.2 nm. These phenomena could be well explained by the theory of metal-support interaction (MSI). Based on above results, the transformation from MoO3 particles to MoS2 slabs was investigated according to the change of Mo atom numbers in each crystal.

EFFECT OF METAL DISTRIBUTION ON PROPERTIES OF HYDROCRACKING CATALYST

2017, 48(3): 81-84.

Asbtract ( 386 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Hydrocracking catalysts with different metal distribution were prepared by impregnation method, where the metals were loaded on ① mixture of Y, β zeolite and amorphous silica-alumina, or ② on SiAl first and then mechanically mixed with Y and ? zeolite mixture, respectively. The effect of metal and acidity distribution on the pore structures, acidity, and hydrocracking performance of the catalyst prepared by two different methods was investigated. The results show that the surface area and acidity are slightly lowered by the second way, compared with the first method. It is proved that shorter distance between metal and acidic center is favorable to the diffusion of reactant from acidic center to metal center, resulting in higher conversion rate, light oil selectivity and the yield of chemical raw materials, while the liquid yield is relatively lower.

APPLICATION OF THE CENTERA CATALYST IN 3.0 Mt /a DIESEL HYDROTREATING UNIT

2017, 48(3): 85-89.

Asbtract ( 347 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

DN-3636 catalyst of the Criterion Company was adopted in a 3.0 Mt/a diesel oil hydrotreating unit in SINOPEC Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Company to produce the diesel meeting the requirements of the national standard (phase Ⅴ). The results show that at the working conditions of feed blended with FCC LCO (12.8% ) and coking diesel (17.4%)，the sulfur content in the hydrotreated diesel is 6.3 μg/g at reactor inlet temperature 340 ℃，the outlet temperature 380 ℃，the average temperature 367 ℃，H2/oil volume ratio of 300, reaction pressure 6.09 MPa, LHSV 1.74h-1. Diesel density decreases by 20.6 kg/m3, the cetane number increases by 3.8 units, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons decreases by 9.3%.

PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED PAO LUBRICATING BASE OIL

2017, 48(3): 90-93.

Asbtract ( 475 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The performance comparison of domestic low viscosity PAO lubricating oil and imported PAO with similar specification in lubricity, corrosivity and thermal oxidation stability was conducted by measuring the acid value, pour point and viscosity index, combined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. It is found that temperature has a little influence on acid value and pour point, different from viscosity. The viscosity of domestic PAO decreases with increasing temperature, but with less variation range compared with the imported oil. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicates that the thermal stability and the sensitivity to anti-oxidation agent are close to each other. At higher temperature, the amine type antioxidant shows better anti-oxidation ability compared with the phenol antioxidant.

DETERMINATION OF ELEMENT SULFUR IN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS BY STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY

2017, 48(3): 94-98.

Asbtract ( 305 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Element sulfur has great damage to refinery equipments and storage facilities. A method was developed for the determination of element sulfur in petroleum products based on differential pulse stripping voltammerty. The effects of the deposition potential, deposition time, pulse amplitude and scanning rate on the experimental results were examined. The results demonstrate that this method is accurate and reliable, and the recovery rate is 98.0%-103.0%. Fourteen samples were analyzed by the developed method. It is proved that the method can determine the elemental sulfur in gasoline, kerosene and diesel.

PERFORMANCE STUDY OF AROMATIC AMINE SOOT ASHLESS DISPERSANT

2017, 48(3): 99-101.

Asbtract ( 339 )

PDF

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Improving the performance of soot dispersant is the key to solve the diesel engine oil viscosity increase and wear caused by soot. In this paper we developed a new type of soot ashless dispersant with aromatic amine structure. Simulation evaluation and engine bench test studies show that the agent not only has good anti- oxidation and sludge dispersion properties, but also excellent soot dispersion ability. The development of this agent has a positive significance for the development of the advanced diesel engine oil formulations.

Table of Content