Table of Content

12 January 2026, Volume 57 Issue 1

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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF RBIW-400 CATALYST FOR SKELETAL ISOMERIZATION OF n-BUTENE

2026, 57(1):  1-8. 

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By screening template agents and optimizing synthesis conditions, high silica-alumina ratio ferrierite with regular and wide sheet-like morphology were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis under the optimal template agent to SiO2 mass ratio, crystallization temperature, alkalinity, and crystallization time. The RBIW-400 n-butene skeletal isomerization catalyst was developed using aluminum hydroxide powder as a binder and successfully applied in a 600 kt/a ether post C4 isomerization unit of a certain factory in 2019. The industrial application results show that the catalyst has excellent activity in the skeleton isomerization reaction of n-butene, selectivity of target products, and long-term stability, reaching the international advanced level. The conversion rate of n-butene can reach 42.40%, and the selectivity of isobutene can reach 95.62%. In the context of surplus light hydrocarbon resources and shortage of high-value chemicals in the future, this technology will have broad market application prospects.

FIRST COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF A NEW GENERATION CATALYST RCS-300 FOR RESIDUE HYDRODESULFURIZATION AND CARBON RESIDUE REDUCTION

2026, 57(1):  9-12. 

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By optimizing the activity and stability of the catalyst, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd. has developed a new generation catalyst named RCS-300 with residue hydrodesulfurization and residue carbon reduction. RCS-300 has higher impurity removal activity than the previous generation catalyst and has good stability. Through catalyst grading optimization tests, a catalyst grading scheme tailored to the needs of the residue hydrotreating unit of SINOPEC Shanghai Petrochemical Co., Ltd. has been determined. Commercial application results indicate that the optimized catalyst grading scheme not only maintains the overall desulfurization activity of the catalyst but also enhances its hydrodemetallization performance, which is beneficial for extending the operation cycle of the unit and improving the economic benefits of the enterprise.

INFLUENCE OF CARBON COATING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF RESIDUE HYDROPROCESSING CATALYSTS

2026, 57(1):  13-21. 

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In response to the challenge of poor stability and rapid deactivation of the active phase in residue hydrotreating catalysts during reaction processes,the carbon-coated active phase structure was prepared using ethylene tar as the carbon source, and the carbon-coated active phasewas characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, etc. The study explores the effects of carbon source, carbon content,and calcination temperature on the structure of the carbon layer and the hydrodesulfurization and microcarbon residue reduction activities of the carbon-coated catalyst. The studies show that ethylene tar is more suitable than 1-methylnaphthalene as a carbon source for preparing carbon layer structures, and the carbon layer prepared from it has a higher degree of condensation. With the increase of carbon content and calcination temperature, the degree of graphitization of the carbon layer improves. The carbon layer structure inevitably covers the active sites of the catalyst, reducing both the hydrodesulfurization and microcarbon residue reduction activities of the catalyst. However, the coated carbon structure can solve the problem of active phase degradation during the reaction process and enhance the stability of the active phase structure, which is of great significance for improving the stability of catalyst activity.

PREPARATION AND COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF HIGH BULK DENSITY SEMI-REGENERATIVE REFORMING CATALYST SR-2000

2026, 57(1):  22-27. 

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To address the challenges of debottlenecking old semi-regenerative reforming units, insufficient heater capacity, and shortened production cycles after capacity expansion, pseudo-boehmite was selected as the powder material. Using an aluminate precipitation method, the high-bulk-density semi-regenerative reforming catalyst SR-2000 was prepared through key production processes including extrusion molding, calcination, modification, impregnation, activation, and reduction-sulfidation. This catalyst features low impurity content, unique pore structure, and excellent catalytic performance. Compared to the low-bulk-density catalyst SR-1000, SR-2000 demonstrates superior selectivity and stability.The lab evaluation results indicate that the performance of the regenerated SR-2000 catalyst is comparable to that of fresh catalyst, demonstrating excellent regenerability.The initial industrial application trial of SR-2000 showed that under prolonged high-severity reaction conditions, this reforming catalyst exhibits outstanding performance, contributing to enhanced social and economic benefits for the refinery.

POLYVINYL ALCOHOL-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF TS-1 ZEOLITE AND ITS CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE IN OXIDATIVE DESULFURIZAZTION

2026, 57(1):  28-35. 

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The mass transfer process of traditional titanium silicalite zeolite(TS-1) is limited due to its microporous characteristics. The crystal growth orientation and morphology of TS-1 can be controlled by introducing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a structure directing agent. DTS-t zeolite with different crystallization time were prepared by dynamic hydrothermal crystallization method. Furthermore, under the same sol system, the dynamic crystallization 3 h sample without PVA (N-DTS-3) and the traditional TS-1 zeolite with PVA (CTS-48) were prepared. The material properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, N₂ adsorption desorption, FT-IR, UV-vis and XPS. The results show that DTS-3 prepared by adding PVA can form a complete crystal structure within 3 h; DTS-t zeolite has a particle size of about 1μm, a total specific surface area of more than 430 m²/g, a microporous specific surface area of about 400 m²/g, and no anatase TiO₂. The catalytic oxidative desulfurization performance of 1000 mg/L thiophene/n-octane as simulated oil was tested. The results showed that for DTS-6 zeolite with the best catalytic performance at 60 ℃, the catalytic oxidative desulfurization rate reached 90% at 60 min, and increased to 95.1% at 110 min. the desulfurization rate was 20% and 6% higher than that of N-DTS-3 zeolite and traditional CTS-48 zeolite, respectively. The introduction of PVA significantly improved the mass transfer efficiency of TS-1.

EFFECT OF SORBENT FLUIDIZATION IN REACTOR ON DESULFURIZATION PERFORMANCE OF S Zorb UNIT

2026, 57(1):  36-43. 

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Desulfurization performance of S Zorb unit decreased for obvious difference of particle size and characteristics of sorbents from reactor crossover and sorbent discharging line. Effect of particle size to desulfurization activity of S Zorb sorbent was evaluated in a fixed bed reactor. Results showed that particle size dispersion showed little effect to desulfurization of FCC gasoline. CFD method was used to calculated the effect of particle size,sorbent inventory in reactor,bulk density to the fluidization of sorbent in reactor. Data showed more large size of S Zorb sorbent particle led to lower high of dense bed. In the dilute bed, sorbent particle radius was usually lower than 40μm. Lower sorbent inventory and increased bulk density would lead to the decrease of dense bed level of sorbent in reactor, which was lower than the height of crossover height. Only small size sorbent could be transferred from reactor to regenerator, large size sorbent remained in the reactor and could not be regenerated. This led to an insufficient desulfurization activity of S Zorb process. Based on these results, dense bed level of reactor is raised by adjusting operating conditions and the problem of desulfurization activity was solved.

INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE OF BLENDING RAFFINATE FROM FURFURAL REFINING OF COKER GAS OIL INTO CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT

2026, 57(1):  44-48. 

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Coker gas oil contains relatively high concentrations of basic nitrogen compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, resins, and asphaltenes, which are unfavorable for catalytic cracking reactions. A certain refinery substituted coker gas oil with the raffinate obtained after furfural refining of coker gas oil,and blended it into the feed of catalytic cracking unit. This substitution led to a significant improvement in the properties of the feedstock. After furfural refining, the raffinate exhibited substantial reductions in the contents of basic nitrogen compounds, sulfur, resins, and aromatics, along with an increase in the content of saturated hydrocarbons. Following the blending of the raffinate, the product distribution of the catalytic cracking unit showed marked improvements. The yield of liquefied petroleum gas increased by 0.93 percentage points, gasoline yield by 1.08 percentage points, and total liquid yield by 0.30 percentage points, while the yields of coke, slurry oil, and diesel decreased. The volume ratio of hydrogen to methane in the dry gas decreased, indicating enhanced hydrogen utilization efficiency during catalytic cracking. The propylene content in liquefied petroleum gas has slightly increased. The octane number of gasoline increased, and the contents of NO_x and SO₂ in the flue gas both decreased. Catalyst consumption reduced by 0.3 kg/t, resulting in annual savings of 3.5 million Yuan in catalyst costs.

SALT-TOLERANT MECHANISM OF POLYELECTROLYTE-MODIFIED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND ITS SYNERGISTIC OIL WASHING PERFORMANCE WITH SURFACTANTS

2026, 57(1):  49-57. 

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The application of graphene oxide nanomaterials in tertiary oil recovery has garnered considerable interest, yet improving their stability in saline formation water remains a critical technical challenge. This study characterized the morphology and dimensions of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets using atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering, while systematically investigating the stabilization effects of tannic acid, small-molecule organic acid salts, and macromolecular polyelectrolytes on GO nanosheets in saline environments. Results showed that sodium polyacrylate (PAA), a macromolecular polyelectrolyte with optimized charge density and amphiphilicity, exhibited superior stabilization performance through efficient adsorption onto GO surfaces via non-covalent interaction and thus effectively enhanced the electrostatic repulsion between GO nano-sheets. At a concentration of 150 mg/L, PAA enabled GO to maintain stability for 24 h in 10 000 mg/L sodium chloride solution. The PAA-modified graphene oxide demonstrated synergistic interaction with anionic surfactant viscosity reducers, enhancing their adaptability to heavy oil and amplifying emulsification-based viscosity reduction. Meanwhile, the extremely high specific surface area enables PAA-modified graphene oxide to efficiently adsorb at the oil/water interface and generate structural seperation pressure, promoting the seperation of oil and solid phases. Under the dual enhancement mechanism above, PAA-modified graphene oxide can increase the oil removal efficiency of anionic surfactants by 2.1 times at a low concentration of 10 mg/L. However, excessive adsorption capacity of nonionic surfactants on nanomaterial surfaces was found to compromise emulsification at oil-water interfaces, resulting in lower oil-washing efficiency for the mixed systems compared to single surfactant systems.

STUDY ON THE ADSORPTIVE DENITRIFICATION PERFORMANCE OF ZSM-5 MOLECULAR SIEVES WITH DIFFERENT SILICA-TO-ALUMINA RATIOS

2026, 57(1):  58-67. 

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The adsorptive denitrogenation performance of ZSM-5 zeolites with different silica-to-alumina ratios for the removal of pyridine, aniline, and quinoline from simulated fuel was investigated, along with the effects of adsorbent dosage, adsorption temperature, and adsorption time. The results show that ZSM-5 with a silica-to-alumina ratio of 50 (Z-50) exhibited the best denitrogenation performance. Its capacity for removing basic nitrogen compounds follows the order: pyridine > aniline > quinoline. For 15 mL of simulated fuel with a nitrogen content of 1732 μg/g, the optimal conditions were determined as follows: Z-50 dosage of 1.5 g, adsorption temperature of 303 K, and adsorption time of 30 min. Models of Z-50 zeolite and the basic nitrogen compounds were constructed using Materials Studio molecular simulation software, and the adsorption energy, adsorption type, and adsorption behavior were simulated and calculated. The results indicate that the adsorption capacity of Z-50 for the three nitrogen compounds decreased in the order: pyridine > aniline > quinoline. The adsorption of pyridine, aniline, and quinoline on Z-50 follows the Langmuir-Freundlich hybrid model, suggesting that the adsorption involves both monolayer and multilayer mechanisms. The adsorption behavior of pyridine on Z-50 zeolite conforms to the pseudo-first-order kinetics, with diffusion being the key factor affecting the adsorption efficiency. In contrast, the adsorption of aniline and quinoline follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics more closely, indicating that the number of remaining active sites on the adsorbent surface primarily influenced the adsorption process.

ANALYSIS AND REFLECTION ON THE EVALUATION METHOD OF LITHIUM BATTERY NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIALS PREPARED FROM PETROLEUM COKE

2026, 57(1):  68-73. 

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Petroleum coke is an important raw material for preparing negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, and its quality has a huge impact on the quality of negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, as well as the safety and cycling stability of the prepared lithium-ion batteries. In recent years, the rapid rise of the new energy industry has driven the rapid growth of demand for lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials. Accelerating the high-quality and green utilization of petroleum coke is necessary to promote the achievement of the dual carbon goal. By understanding the production process of petroleum coke for preparing negative electrode materials, comparing and analyzing the evaluation methods of petroleum coke production enterprises and negative electrode material production enterprises within the system, it is of great significance to break down industry barriers, strengthen upstream and downstream connections, accelerate the construction of production, sales, research and application alliances, and promote the improvement and efficiency of refining enterprises.

UNCERTAINTY EVALUATION IN ICP-OES DETERMINATION OF METAL CONTENTS IN CRUDE OIL AND DEVELOPMENT OF A METALLIC FINGERPRINTING MODEL FOR TRACEABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF CRUDE OILS IMPORTED FROM MIDDLE EAST

2026, 57(1):  74-80. 

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The content of metal elements in crude oil was quantitatively analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry ( ICP-OES) ，and the uncertainty analysis method was established．The result shows that the contribution of uncertainty component and sources were evaluated from five aspects，and its relative standard uncertainties were calculated respectively．When the contents of vanadium, nickel, calcium and lead in the sample were 51.68, 11.39, 26.39, and 25.66 μg/g, respectively their corresponding expanded uncertainties were 1.834, 2.491,1.149, and1.119 μg/g. By comparing the contributions of the five uncertainty components, it was concluded that the primary influencing factor was the calibration curve fitting, followed by standard solution preparation and measurement repeatability.Applying this method, vanadium and nickel contents in 73 batches of crude oils imported fromMiddle East were determined, with vanadium ranging from 9.50 to 103.53 μg/g and nickel from 9.33 to 30.52 μg/g. These results enabled statistical classification and construction of a geochemical fingerprinting. This work aims to provide scientific support for origin tracing, quality control, risk assessment of crude oil, as well as processing optimization of refining.

RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION ON PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES FOR ROTATING EQUIPMENT IN REFINING AND CHEMICAL ENTERPRISES BASED ON AI

2026, 57(1):  81-87. 

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With the development of artificial intelligence(AI) and big data technologies, equipment management in refining and chemical enterprises is gradually moving towards intelligence and precision. Taking the preventive maintenance strategy of rotating equipment in refining and chemical enterprises as the main line,a DRBPM system relying on AI technology and dynamic reliability analysis technology is built. Through AI-driven multi-source data fusion, Weibull analysis, and machine learning algorithms, real-time monitoring of the status of pump and motor equipment, trend prediction and intelligent generation of maintenance plans are achieved. By leveraging AI to conduct comprehensive analysis on the criticality classification, reliability level, and alarm status of equipment, the reliability of equipment and management efficiency can be effectively enhanced. The research results show that the preventive maintenance strategy for rotating equipment in refining and chemical enterprises based on AI has a significant effect in improving the life cycle management level of equipment and reducing operation and maintenance costs, providing a useful reference for refining and chemical enterprises to promote digital transformation.

SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF RADIATION SECTION OF DELAYED COKER FURNACE

2026, 57(1):  88-93. 

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Delayed coking is an important technology of heavy oil processing. The furnace is the core device of delayed coking units. Taking the delayed coking furnace of a domestic petrochemical enterprise as an example, the influence of working condition changes on the operation of the radiation section of the furnace was studied by simulation. The rule about the variation law of key operating parameters along the axial direction of the furnace tubes was obtained. On this basis, the coking law of furnace tubes was also studied. The results showed that the parameters including velocity of flow, vaporization rate, temperature, conversion rate of fluid and thickness of coking layer in furnace tube gradually increased along the length of the furnace tube increased before the third steam injection point. The velocity of fluid and vaporization rate of fluid rapidly increased, temperature and conversion growth rate of fluid decreased, especially the thickness of coking layer first decreased and then increased along the length of the furnace tube increased after the third steam injection point. The reason lied in the fact that the intensifying effect of temperature rise on coking gradually offset the mitigating effect of speed reduction on coking. When the fluid temperature was similar, a high recycle ratio was more effective than a low recycle ratio in slowing down coke formation in furnace tubes.

RESEARCH ON COUPLING OPTIMIZATION OF THERMAL ENERGY UTILIZATION IN COAL BASED ACRYLIC ACID INDUSTRY CHAIN AND METHANOL UNIT RELEASE GAS RECOVERY

2026, 57(1):  94-102. 

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In order to promote the innovative development of coal based acrylic acid, a large integrated refining and chemical enterprise plans to build a coal to acrylic acid industry chain. In order to further enhance product competitiveness, the low recovery and utilization rate of effective components in the methanol unit release gas and the low-grade steam produced by the thermal energy system in the coal to acrylic acid industry chain are addressed. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of traditional hydrogen recovery processes from release gas such as membrane separation and pressure swing adsorption, a hydrogen recovery coupled synthetic ammonia production process scheme is proposed, achieving an effective gas recovery rate of 91.2% and a hydrogen recovery rate of 98.82%. Based on the characteristics of the thermal energy system process, the process thermal energy coupling utilization among units is carried out to increase the total steam production by 45.54 t/h, and the proportion of driving steam is increased to 79.5%. The driving steam is completely self-used and partially supplied externally, achieving the conversion of low-grade thermal energy to high-grade and obtaining high economic benefits.

RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE ON MULTI-SOURCE COUPLED NOISE IDENTIFICATION AND INTEGRATED CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR URBAN NATURAL GAS DESULFURIZATION STATIONS

2026, 57(1):  103-109. 

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During actual operation, urban natural gas desulfurization stations generate various types of noise pollution, including gas flow noise, mechanical vibration noise, and process operation noise, which can easily disrupt the lives of surrounding residents. Based on an analysis of the noise generation causes and propagation characteristics in these stations, a systematic investigation has identified high-noise equipment and facilities within the stations, such as circulating cooling water towers, pump sets, air separation units, and high-speed pipelines. The noise exhibits characteristics of a wide frequency band and a composite superposition of low, medium, and high frequencies, with a maximum noise level reaching 96 dB(A). By comparing different noise identification and control technologies, a comprehensive noise control plan has been proposed, encompassing "source optimization control, sound absorption and noise reduction treatment, and sound barrier isolation." This plan involves measures such as installing additional sound absorption and insulation barriers, equipping devices with soundproof enclosures and silencers, and wrapping pipelines for noise reduction. After the implementation of this control plan, the average equivalent sound level at the plant boundary can be maintained below 47 dB(A), which is superior to the noise standard requirements for Class II sound environment functional areas specified in the "Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprise Boundary Environmental Noise" (GB12348—2008). The average noise reduction for the main high-noise equipment and facilities is 19.6 dB(A).

APPLICATION AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF AI ATOMIZATION SYSTEM IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TRANSFORMATION OF SLUDGE TREATMENT IN COKE TOWER

2026, 57(1):  110-114. 

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In order to improve the level of environmental protection, reduce energy consumption and save costs, an enterprise applied AI atomization technology to carry out sludge treatment in coke tower for environmental protection transformation. After the transformation, in the large blowing process of coke tower, the steam consumption is greatly reduced from 7.79 t/h before the transformation to 4.93 t/h after the transformation, the purified water consumption is greatly reduced from 2.93 t/h to 0.90 t/h, and the treatment capacity of sludge is greatly increased from 0.70 t/h to 6.99 t/h, which has remarkable energy saving and environmental protection effects. AI atomization system automatically controls the sludge treatment capacity and steam consumption, adjusts the operating parameters of coke tower in real time, and realizes automatic adjustment of sludge treatment capacity and steam consumption to achieve the optimal ratio on the basis of ensuring the safety of production process and coke quality. More than 6 000 t of sludge were recycled throughout the year, realizing 100% recycling of scum and oil sludge in the sewage plant, and significantly improving the resource utilization level of sludge in the whole plant. After the transformation of AI control technology is adopted for coke tower in this plant, the internal closed recovery and treatment of sludge in the refinery is realized, which eliminates the risk of environmental pollution, significantly reduces energy consumption and increases economic benefits.

DEVELOPMENT AND BENEFIT EVALUATION OF WASTE MINERAL OIL ECO-REGENERATION VIA TWO-STAGE HYDROPROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

2026, 57(1):  115-118. 

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Based on a comparison with traditional regeneration processes (acid washing and clay refining), the core advantages of the two-stage hydrogenation technology in terms of reaction mechanism, process flow, and equipment design are elaborated in detail. Using operational data from industrial-scale plants, the application efficiency of this technology is comprehensively evaluated, including the quality indicators of regenerated base oil, performance comparison with commercially available API Group II base oil, and the energy and material consumption of plant operation. Additionally, a comprehensive assessment and quantitative study are conducted on its environmental benefits, covering resource recovery rate, reduction of waste gas, wastewater, and solid waste (three wastes), as well as carbon footprint. Finally, targeted technology promotion strategies are proposed, such as the collaborative development model, policy utilization, and standardization recommendations.The results show that the two-stage hydrogenation technology has significant technical and economic benefits as well as excellent environmental benefits in the field of waste mineral oil regeneration, with a regeneration oil yield of up to 92% and a CO₂ emission reduction of 1.5 t/t.

RESEARCH PROGRESS IN OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF PROPANE TO PROPYLENE

2026, 57(1):  119-129. 

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Propane dehydrogenation is a key industrial process for propane utilization and propylene production, including direct dehydrogenation of propane (DHP) and oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP). Although DHP has been industrialized, it still faces issues such as thermodynamic equilibrium limitations, high energy consumption, and coke deposition on catalyst. ODHP, by contrast, can break through thermodynamic limitations and enable higher single-pass propane conversion, demonstrating good application prospects. Herein, the recent progress in two types of ODHP catalysts was comprehensively reviewed: metal catalysts (vanadium based, Mo/Ni based, cobalt based) and non-metal catalysts (boron based and carbon based).The reaction mechanisms on metal and non-metal catalysts, and the latest achievements in reaction engineering and process optimization were explored, which can made up for the shortcomings of traditional ODHP, such as excessive oxidation leading to low selectivity and yield of propylene. In future, we should focus on three key directions: the development of efficient catalysts, clarification of reaction mechanisms, and optimization of oxidant systems, to promote the industrialization of ODHP technology.

RESEARCH PROGRESS IN SYNTHESIS OF STERICALLY HINDERED AMINE AND ITS APPLICATION IN DESULFURIZATION

2026, 57(1):  130-138. 

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Compared to conventional desulfurization amine solvents, sterically hindered amines exhibit higher acid gas absorption capacity, stronger selectivity, as well as lower corrosiveness and foaming tendency. However, their high synthesis cost limits widespread application. The mechanism through which sterically hindered amines selectively remove hydrogen sulfide by suppressing carbon dioxide reactions via their unique spatial structure is introduced. The synthesis methods of sterically hindered amines are discussed, with particular emphasis on research progress and challenges in halogenation and catalytic amination approaches. The applications combining sterically hindered amine-based composite desulfurizers with process intensification techniques to improve desulfurization performance are also presented. Analysis suggests that future research should focus on: in-depth investigation of catalytic amination reaction mechanisms, development of efficient catalysts, and integration of novel desulfurization processes to facilitate broader application of sterically hindered amines in green desulfurization technologies.

ADVANCES IN INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ACTIVE PHASE OF HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYSTS

2026, 57(1):  139-151. 

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Therecent advances in the characterization of active phase structures in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts using infrared (IR) spectroscopy are comprehensively reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the application of probe molecules (CO, NO) to elucidate the morphological and electronic features of key active phases, including MoS₂, CoMoS, NiMoS, and NiWS. Critical structural characteristics such as Mo edge (M-edge), S edge (S-edge), and coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS), along with their established correlations with desulfurization performance, are systematically analyzed. The influences of catalyst supports, promoting elements, and synthesis conditions on the formation and distribution of these active phases are examined. Furthermore, the significant advantages of in situ IR spectroscopy in probing dynamic structural reconstruction and elucidating reaction mechanisms are highlighted. Current limitations, notably spatiotemporal resolution constraints under reaction conditions, are addressed. Future research directions involve leveraging advanced spectroscopic tools and machine-learning-assisted data analysis to achieve precise mapping of active phase structures, thereby laying the groundwork for the rational design of next-generation high-performance HDS catalysts.

CURRENT DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL

2026, 57(1):  152-158. 

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With the further intensification of global warming, the international aviation industry is facing more urgent carbon emission reduction requirements. Promoting the usage of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) could effectively meet the requirements of carbon emission reduction without significant change on the current civil aviation fuel supply system. It would be the most effective way to achieve carbon emission reduction in the short and medium term. This paper briefly introduces the certified SAF process route and its technical characteristics on a global scale and the current development status of China's SAF industry. additionally,this paper points out that the potential challenges faced by China's SAF industry at the production end, policy support end, and transportation and utilization end. There are some problems in China's SAF industry, such as uncertain raw material supply, insufficient policy support,restrictions on the transportation and utilization of SAF. Relevant suggestions and measures have been put forward.

PROSPECTS FOR THE COUPLING PATHWAY OF WASTE PLASTIC RECYCLING AND PETROCHEMICAL CATALYST REUTILIZATION

2026, 57(1):  159-163. 

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Under the dual goals of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" and economic growth, the petroleum and chemical industry is facing an increasingly urgent demand for efficient resource utilization and green recycling. As a core unit, the efficient use and cyclic regeneration of catalysts can reduce costs and contribute to carbon emission reduction. However, traditional catalyst regeneration is characterized by high energy consumption and large carbon emissions, making it necessary to explore low-carbon and high-efficiency pathways. In China, plastic waste exceeds 60 Mt/a, with a recycling rate of approximately 30%. Incineration and landfilling of such waste lead to resource waste and pollution. Pyrolysis technology for waste plastics can convert hard-to-recycle plastics into liquid fuels, combustible gases, and carbon, thereby promoting resource reuse. With the optimization of catalyst performance and processes, pyrolysis efficiency has improved, making pyrolysis an important technology for chemical recycling of waste plastics. Nevertheless, its industrialization is restricted by factors such as high energy consumption, the impact of impurities, and the treatment of waste gas and residues. Looking ahead to the coupling of waste plastic pyrolysis products with the cyclic utilization of petrochemical catalysts, this work explores the applications and synergistic mechanisms of pyrolysis gas, char, and oil in catalyst regeneration, preparation, and cracking processes. It proposes an integrated low-carbon scheme, which can provide theoretical and practical support for the green transition of the petrochemical industry.