Abstract: Fingerprint of lubricating oil is the integrated embodiment of its integrity and fuzzy matter and can be used as an effective means of lubricating oil quality control. The application of pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in building fingerprints of lubricating oil was studied. The factors influencing the stability of fingerprints, such as preprocessing method, pyrolytic form, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry conditions, were examined. The fingerprint library of lubrication oils was then built with typical results of the fingerprints of lubricating oils tested. Some lubricating oils were used as samples to check the accuracy of the established fingerprint and the result exceeded 99%.