生物重油与减压蜡油共催化裂化生产高辛烷值汽油的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用红外光谱与高分辨质谱对固体酸碱两步法制生物柴油时产生的副产物，生物重油进行了分析表征，发现其主要是由O1~ O12类的高沸点醇类、酮类、酯类、醚类构成。生物重油中的含氧有机物在催化裂化过程中会通过脱H2O、脱羰、脱羧反应，将氧元素脱除，最终转化为烃类物质。研究发现，当在减压蜡油中掺入20 %生物重油共催化裂化时，可以提高汽油产品的辛烷值。这是由于与减压蜡油中的烃类相比，生物重油中的含氧有机物更倾向于生成芳烃。掺入生物重油混炼后，催化裂化反应的转化率以及干气、焦炭的收率也会有所提高。将生物重油作为催化裂化的补充原料，不但可以将这种工业废料转化为高附加值的产品，同时可以扩大催化裂化原料来源，进而降低炼油成本。

关键词: 生物重油, 含氧有机混合物, 催化裂化, 高辛烷值汽油

Abstract:

Heavy bio-oil, the by-product from synthesis of biodiesel using two-step process with solid acid and alkali catalysts, was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The heavy bio-oil is mainly composed of high boiling point alcohols, ketones, esters and ethers with oxygen atoms number ranging from 1 to 12. The oxygenated compounds in the heavy bio-oil are converted to hydrocarbon by dehydration, decarbonylation and decarboxylation reactions. Compared with the single VGO feed, more aromatics are obtained by co-processing the mixed raw material of bio-oil (20%) and VGO, resulting in higher octane number of gasoline, but a little more dry gas and coke yields. The experiments indicate that the heavy bio-oil can be a promising alternative supplemental raw material for catalytic cracking unit, and the co-processing technology can convert the by-product to hydrocarbon products with high value and expand the source of catalytic cracking feedstock with lower cost.

Key words: heavy bio-oil, oxygenated compounds, catalytic cracking, high octane number gasoline

王乃鑫汪燮卿刘泽龙朱玉霞. 生物重油与减压蜡油共催化裂化生产高辛烷值汽油的研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2016, 47(7): 27-31.

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