常减压蒸馏装置原油注碱技术的探讨与实践

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2019, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 58-62.

常减压蒸馏装置原油注碱技术的探讨与实践

段永锋¹,王宁¹,侯艳宏²,孙亮²,崔中强¹

1. 中石化炼化工程集团洛阳技术研发中心
2. 中海油惠州石化有限公司

收稿日期:2018-11-12 修回日期:2019-02-02 出版日期:2019-07-12 发布日期:2019-07-25
通讯作者: 段永锋 E-mail:duanyf.lpec@sinopec.com
基金资助:
超高酸值含氯原油腐蚀性能研究及设备、管道选材系统性研究

DISCUSSION AND PRACTICE OF CAUSTIC INJECTION IN CRUDE DISTILLATION UNITS

Received:2018-11-12 Revised:2019-02-02 Online:2019-07-12 Published:2019-07-25
Contact: Yong-Feng DUAN E-mail:duanyf.lpec@sinopec.com
Supported by:

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目前，随着高酸、高硫等劣质原油加工比例的不断增加，劣质原油加工已成为世界炼油企业共同面临的难题，尤其是常减压蒸馏装置塔顶系统低温轻油部位的腐蚀问题更为突出。本研究系统分析了原油注碱技术在塔顶氯离子控制、管线和炉管碱脆、换热器结垢、二次加工装置影响等各方面的利弊因素，提出了原油注碱的前提条件、注入浓度及注入量、注入部位、注入设施设计及选材、相关的腐蚀检测与化验分析等方面的具体措施。国内炼化企业原油注碱的工业应用证明，原油注碱技术作为一种传统且有效的工艺防腐措施，在兼顾对碱脆、结垢和催化剂中毒等不利因素的条件下，对于控制常减压蒸馏装置塔顶系统腐蚀具有非常良好的效果。

关键词: 常减压蒸馏装置, 塔顶系统, 注碱, 低温腐蚀, 氯离子

Abstract: With the increasing proportion of poor quality crudes with high acid, high sulfur processing, corrosion has become a common problem for the world's oil refiners. The corrosion of the distillation tower overhead system of the crude distillation unit (CDU) is the most prominent issue. The advantages and disadvantages of caustic injection into CDU were discussed, including the effects of caustic injection limits, alkali brittleness of pipeline and heater tube, heat exchanger scaling and secondary processing device. Measures were proposed, including caustic dosage, injection location, injection equipment and selection of building materials, as well as related corrosion monitoring and inspection. The results of the application in domestic refineries indicated that as a traditional and effective anti-corrosion measure, the crude oil caustic injection technology has a very good effect on controlling the corrosion of the top system of CUD unit under the condition of unfavorable factors as alkali brittleness, scale formation and catalyst poisoning.

Key words: crude distillation units, tower overhead system, caustic injection, Low-temperature corrosion, chloride ion

中图分类号:

段永锋王宁侯艳宏孙亮崔中强. 常减压蒸馏装置原油注碱技术的探讨与实践[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2019, 50(7): 58-62.

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