关键词: 氢能, 分布式制氢, 制氢成本, 质子交换膜

Abstract: At present, hydrogen for transportation energy in China is mainly transported by 20 MPa long tube trailers, which has low transportation efficiency and high cost, so the large-scale application of hydrogen energy is limited to a certain extent. Distributed hydrogen production has attracted more and more attention due to the lack of long-distance transportation troubles of hydrogen. In this paper, the technical progress of hydrogen production from distributed methanol, natural gas, alkaline electrolytic water, PEM electrolytic water and ammonia decomposition were introduced, and the cost of hydrogen production was analyzed. The technology of hydrogen production from distributed methanol and natural gas reforming hydrogen production technologies was mature, and the price of raw materials had a great influence on the cost of hydrogen production. For distributed water electrolysis hydrogen production, both methods of hydrogen production have achieved commercial application. The price of electricity was an important factor affecting the cost of hydrogen production. In addition, the initial investment of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment was relatively high, which further increased the cost of hydrogen production. For hydrogen production by distributed ammonia decomposition, there is room for further improvement of commercial technology. At the current stage, the economic competitiveness of ammonia decomposition hydrogen production is lower than that of methanol reforming hydrogen production, but it has certain application potential under the background of carbon neutrality.

Key words: hydrogen energy, distributed hydrogen production, hydrogen production cost, proton exchange membrane