聚异丁烯苯酚曼尼希碱季铵盐的制备及其对柴油燃烧特性的影响

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 127-135.

聚异丁烯苯酚曼尼希碱季铵盐的制备及其对柴油燃烧特性的影响

庞雅枫¹,潘峰²,王钰³,赵扬¹,陈幽兰⁴,严峰⁴

1. 中国石化销售股份有限公司应用技术研究院
2. 中国石化销售股份有限公司华北分公司
3. 中化工储运有限公司
4. 天津工业大学化学学院

收稿日期:2024-06-11 修回日期:2024-07-27 出版日期:2024-12-12 发布日期:2024-11-29
通讯作者: 严峰 E-mail:yanfeng@tiangong.edu.cn
基金资助:
基于核孔复合体选择运输机制的仿生膜构筑及分离蛋白质研究

PREPARATION OF POLYISOBUTYLENE PHENOL MANNICH BASE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT AND ITS EFFECT ON DIESEL THERMAL EFFICIENCY AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS

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Received:2024-06-11 Revised:2024-07-27 Online:2024-12-12 Published:2024-11-29
Contact: Feng Yan E-mail:yanfeng@tiangong.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升柴油的使用性能，制备了清净剂聚异丁烯苯酚曼尼希碱季铵盐（HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS），并研究了其对柴油热效率和排放特性的影响。首先以高活性聚异丁烯（HRPIB）与苯酚反应合成聚异丁烯苯酚（HRPIBP），然后HRPIBP与甲醛、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺（DMPA）反应制得聚异丁烯苯酚曼尼希碱（HRPIBP-DMPA），最后HRPIBP-DMPA与1-溴丁烷反应制得产物HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS，对HRPIBP和HRPIBP-DMPA的合成条件进行了优化。HRPIBP的最优合成条件为：反应温度100 ℃、反应时间6 h、n(BF3):n(HRPIB)=0.4、n(PhOH):n(HRPIB)=2； HRPIBP-DMPA的最优合成条件为：反应温度110 ℃、反应时间16 h、n(HRPIBP):n(甲醛):n(DMPA) = 1.0:3.0:2.5。添加HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS柴油样品的发动机台架试验评价结果表明：添加HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS有利于提高柴油的有效热效率，降低NO_x、碳烟、CO的排放量。相比于空白柴油，添加1500 mg/L该清净剂的柴油样品的NO_x和碳烟排放量最大降幅分别为27.4%和28.6%。

关键词: 柴油清净剂, 聚异丁烯, 曼尼希碱, 季铵盐, 有效热效率, 排放特性

Abstract: In order to improve the performance of diesel fuel, polyisobutylene phenol Mannich base quaternary ammonium salt (HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS) was prepared, and its effects on diesel thermal efficiency and emission characteristics were studied. Firstly, polyisobutylene phenol (HRPIBP) was synthesized by the reaction of highly reactive polyisobutylene (HRPIB) with phenol, and then reacted with formaldehyde and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine (DMPA) to prepare polyisobutylene phenol Mannich base (HRPIBP-DMPA). Finally HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS was prepared by reaction of HRPIBP-DMPA with 1-bromobutane. The synthesis conditions of HRPIBP and HRPIBP-DMPA were optimized. The optimum conditions of HRPIBP covered a reaction time of 4 h, a reaction temperature of 100 ℃, a molar ratio of boron trifluoride etherate to HRPIB equaling to 0.4 and a molar ratio of phenol to HRPIB equaling to 2. The optimum conditions of HRPIBP-DMPA covered a eaction time of 16 h, a reaction temperature of 110 ℃, and a molar ratio of HRPIBP, formaldehyde and DMPA equaling to 1.0:3.0:2.5. The evaluation results of engine bench test with diesel fuel samples containing HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS showed that the HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS addition of 1 500 mg/L could improve the effective thermal efficiency of diesel fuel and reduce the emission of NO_x, soot and CO. Compared with blank diesel fuel, the maximum reduction rate of NO_x and soot was 27.4% and 28.6%, respectively, which indicated that HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS had good application prospects.

Key words: diesel detergent, polyisobutylene, mannich base, quaternary ammonium salt, thermal efficiency, emission characteristics

庞雅枫潘峰王钰赵扬陈幽兰严峰. 聚异丁烯苯酚曼尼希碱季铵盐的制备及其对柴油燃烧特性的影响[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2024, 55(12): 127-135.

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