长寿命低挥发性润滑脂的性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对航空航天装备苛刻工况环境对润滑脂性能的更高要求，分别制备了酰胺钠基润滑脂和全氟聚醚润滑脂，并将二者混合后加入抗氧剂、防锈剂、极压抗磨剂等添加剂，制备得到长寿命低挥发润滑脂（简称长寿低挥脂）；研究了商品酰胺皂基润滑脂（简称商品酰胺脂）和长寿低挥脂的理化性能、润滑性能、轴承寿命及流变学等性能。结果表明：与商品酰胺脂比，长寿低挥脂的高温损失更小、钢网分油率更低，说明其具有更优的挥发性能和胶体安定性；长寿低挥脂四球试验钢球的磨斑直径为0.46mm，远低于前者的1.03 mm，轮毂轴承寿命为1228 h，远高于前者的760 h，说明其具有更优的极压抗磨性能、润滑性能和氧化安定性；长寿低挥脂的线性黏弹区更宽、高温结构保持能力更强，说明其具有更好的流变学性能和高温稳定性能。因此，长寿低挥脂的综合性能优良，可用于苛刻的特殊工况环境。

关键词: 润滑脂, 酰胺钠, 全氟聚醚, 流变性

Abstract: Sodium amide lubricating grease and perfluoropolyether lubricating grease were prepared to meet the higher requirements of the performance of lubricating grease in the harsh working conditions of aerospace equipment, and the long-life low-volatile grease was prepared byadding antioxidant, antirust agent and extreme pressure antiwear agent, etc. The physical and chemical properties, lubrication properties, bearing life and rheology properties of commercial amide soap-based grease and the long-life low-volatility grease were studied. The results showed that compared with commercial amide soap-based grease, the long-life low-volatile ester had lesslossat high temperature and lower oil separation ratio, which indicated that it hadbetter colloidal stability.The wear spot diameter of the long-life low-volatile grease test steel ball was 0.46 mm, which was much lower than 1.03 mm of commercial amide grease.The bearing life was as long as 1228 h, which was much longer than 760 h of commercial amide grease.These results showed that it had better extreme pressure and antiwear performance, lubrication performance and oxidation stability, andhad a wider linear viscoelastic region and a stronger structure retention abilityat high temperature. Therefore,the long-life low-volatility grease has excellent comprehensive performance and can be used for lubrication of equipment under various special working conditions.

Key words: lubricating grease, sodium amid, perfluoropolyether, rheology

郑会周巍峰崔佩娟侯占林何懿峰. 长寿命低挥发性润滑脂的性能研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2024, 55(7): 111-118.

参考文献

[1] 朱廷彬主编.润滑脂技术大全(第三版)[M].中国石化出版社：北京，2015
[2]姜单单, 辛虎, 李杏涛.全氟聚醚空间润滑剂[J].合成润滑材料, 2021, 48(3):37-40
[3]李程志, 何懿峰.酰胺类润滑脂研究进展[J].石油炼制与化工, 2021, 52(8):122-128
[4]B.W. HottenMetal Terephthalamates[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 1957, 49(10):1691-1694
[5] HOTTEN BRUCE W.Preparation of monoester terephthalamates.US2798087 A[P]，1957.7.2
[6] B.W.Hotten. High temperature phthalamate grease compositions.US2820012A[P]，1958-01-14
[7] REUCKHOFF G, HUELSMANN H L.Process for the preparation of ester amides of carbocyclic aromatic di-carboxylic acids，US3252977A[P]，1966.5.24
[8] DIXON J A.Polyamide-polyamate-thickened grease，US2752312A[P]，1956.6.26
[9] DIXON J A.Polyamide grease composition，US2830954A[P]，1858.4.15
[10]Carroll J G，Bolt R O，Cunniff C E，et al.FIELD TESTS ON A RADIATION-RESISTANT GREASE[J].WEAR，1962, 15（3）：249.[J].WEAR, 1962, 5(3):249-249
[11] BERNELIN BERNARD，EUDE JEAN-CLAUDE，GAUDEMARIS GABRIEL DE, et al.Graisses peu sensibles à l’action des radiations.FR1355534A[P]，1964.03.20
[12] WILLIAMS F D.A silicone lubricating grease and method of preparing same.GB1087562A[P]，1967.10.18
[13] 酒井和男，浅野直正，長野光彦．グリース組成：日本，JP49011606B[P]，1974.3.18
[14] 酒井和男，浅野直正，長野光彦．グリース組成：日本，JP49011608B[P]，1974.3.18
[15] 上田亨，畠山正．長寿命グリ－ス組成物：日本，JP1985037158B2[P]，1985.8.24
[16] 早野致之，細矢慎一郎．グリース組成物：日本，JP1994031375B2[P]，1994.4.27
[17] 幹生山口．グリース組成物：日本，JP5334432B2[P]，2013.11.6
[18] 大久保誠，野村進之介．潤滑グリース組成物：日本，JP5405060B2[P]，2014.2.5
[19] 健司林．シリコーングリース組成物：日本，JP5349246B2[P]，2013.11.20
[20]谢德生.合成脂肪胺对苯二酸酰胺钠盐稠化剂及其润滑脂的研究[J].石油学报, 1981, 2(2):93-101
[21] 黄福川，邓富康，唐弓斌等.一种高抗辐射高真空宽温机器人轴承专用脂组合物.中国：CN107164059A[P]，2017.09.15
[22] 刘欣阳，庄敏阳，郑会等.润滑脂及其制备方法.中国：CN115074172A[P]，2021.2.10
[23]岳国良，郭跃海.制动轮轴承润滑脂的研究[J].合成润滑材料, 2020, 47(4):1-3
[24]William R.Jones JR,Properties of perfluopolyethers for space applications[J].Tribology Transactions, 1995, 38(3):557-564
[25]何小瑜，周丽.全氟聚醚的合成及应用[J].化工生产与技术, 2003, 10(2):5-7
[26]J.C. Anderson，LFlabbi，G. Caporiccio. The lubrication of plastics by perfluoropolyether fluids[J].Journal of Synthetic Lubrication, 1988, 5(3):199-214
[27]程艳，吴岩.全氟聚醚润滑剂的研究进展[J].科学时代, 2014, 2014(13):38-38
[28]程亚洲，胡献国，徐玉福等.空间润滑脂的研究进展[J].航天器环境工程, 2013, 30(1):14-19
[29]Tanaka K.Transfer of semi-crystalline polymers sliding against a smooth steel surface[J].WEAR, 1982, 75(1):183-199
[30]KYUICHIRO TANAKA.Effects of various fillers on the friction and wear of PTFE-based composites[J].Composite Materials Series, 1986, 1(1):137-174
[31]Bahadur S, Tabor D.The wear of filled PTFE[J].WEAR, 1984, 98(1):1-13
[32]霍丽霞，周晖，桑瑞鹏.全氟聚醚润滑脂挥发及摩擦学性能研究[J].润滑与密封, 2010, 35(10):90-93
[33]李倩，辛虎，曹春兰.改善轴承温升的氟醚润滑脂的制备[J].合成润滑材料, 2020, 47(3):18-20
[34]刘洋，辛虎，李杏涛等.全氟聚醚润滑脂胶体安定性的改进研究[J].润滑与密封, 2022, 47(4):164-169
[35]何懿峰，刘邦明，陈晓伟等.低挥发润滑脂流变性能研究[J].石油炼制与化工, 2020, 51(9):1-6