影响油泥超声波除油效果的因素与机理

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (7): 22-29.

影响油泥超声波除油效果的因素与机理

李晨阳¹,谭文捷²,桑义敏¹,赵端¹,朱玲¹,周翠红¹

1. 北京石油化工学院环境工程系
2. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院

收稿日期:2023-12-08 修回日期:2024-03-22 出版日期:2024-07-12 发布日期:2024-06-28
通讯作者: 桑义敏 E-mail:sangyimin@bipt.edu.cn
基金资助:
含油污泥绿色高效生物处理方法研究与装备

FACTORS AND MECHANISM AFFECTING THE OIL REMOVAL EFFICIENCY FROM SLUDGE BY ULTRASONIC METHOD

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Received:2023-12-08 Revised:2024-03-22 Online:2024-07-12 Published:2024-06-28
Contact: 义敏桑 E-mail:sangyimin@bipt.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 油泥超声波除油技术绿色环保，但目前除油效率不高、机理不明，在工业中未得到广泛应用。针对南方某油田高含油钻屑油泥的特性，设计了一套油泥超声除油试验装置，考察了超声频率、超声功率、超声温度等7个主要因素对除油效果的影响。结果表明：超声频率、超声功率、超声作用时间、固液比（油基钻屑与水质量比）和pH对油泥除油效果影响较大，而超声温度和超声处理次数对除油效果影响较小。在最佳工艺条件下，除油率达到57.18%；当超声空化作用产生的剪切力大于油与固体颗粒之间的相互作用力时，附着在固体颗粒表面的油分脱附，且随温度升高和固液比降低，油泥的黏度降低，超声空化作用增强；弱碱环境下HSiO₃^-占据油泥颗粒吸附位点，可阻止油的再吸附，除油效率较高。

关键词: 含油污泥, 超声波, 除油效果, 破乳机理

Abstract: The ultrasonic oil removal technology is green and environmental friendly, butthe oil removal efficiency is not high, the mechanism is not clear, andhas not been widely applied in industryincurrently. A set of ultrasonic oil removal test equipment was designed for high oil bearing drilling cuttings and sludge in a certain oilfield in the South. Seven main influencing factors, such as ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonicpower, and ultrasonic temperature,etc., were investigated on the oil removal effect. The results showed that ultrasound frequency, ultrasound power, ultrasound action time, solid-liquid ratio (oil based drilling cuttings to water mass ratio), and pH, had a significant impact on the oil sludge removal effect, while ultrasound temperature and thetimeofultrasound treatment hadlittle effecton oil removal. Under the optimal process conditions, the oil removal rate reached 57.18%. When the shear force produced by ultrasonic cavitation is greater than the interaction force between oil and solid particles, the oiladsorbed on the surface of the solid particles is desorbed.Withthe increaseoftemperature and the decrease of solid-liquid ratio, the viscosity of the oil sludge decreased, and the ultrasonic cavitation enhanced. HSiO₃^- occupies the adsorption sites of oil sludge particles in weak alkaline environments, which can prevent the readsorption of oil and improve the oil removal efficiency.

Key words: oil sludge, ultrasonic, oil removal effect, demulsification mechanism

李晨阳谭文捷桑义敏赵端朱玲周翠红. 影响油泥超声波除油效果的因素与机理[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2024, 55(7): 22-29.

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