聚醚多元醇的合成探究

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (1): 154-159.

聚醚多元醇的合成探究

郑伟平,朱忠朋,陶志平,赵杰,伏朝林,贾丹丹

中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司

收稿日期:2024-07-03 修回日期:2024-09-29 出版日期:2025-01-12 发布日期:2024-12-27
通讯作者: 陶志平 E-mail:taozp.ripp@sinopec.com
基金资助:
高性能稀土催化材料的放大生产及应用示范

STUDY ON SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHER POLYOLS

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Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-09-29 Online:2025-01-12 Published:2024-12-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过选用合适的进料方式，以氢氧化钾为催化剂，催化环氧单体和醇或酚发生聚合反应，可制备不饱和度低、相对分子质量分布较窄的聚醚多元醇（简称聚醚）。催化剂用量和反应温度较大程度上影响着反应的收率和产品的品质，因此控制合适的催化剂用量和反应温度是聚醚制备的关键。不同的酚和醇作为起始剂时，随着链长的增加，其反应活性逐渐降低，需较多的催化剂和较长的反应时间以实现高的反应收率。和环氧丙烷相比，环氧丁烷因位阻的增加，其反应活性有所降低，需较多的催化剂方可制备设定相对分子质量的聚醚产物。当环氧丙烷和环氧丁烷同时作为反应的环氧单体时，可通过调节二者的进料比例，共聚制备结构多变的聚醚产物。采用本方法制备的聚醚产物溴值低，相对分子质量分布宽度指数基本在1.10以下，且产物经后处理后，可使水质量分数保持在0.2%以下，钾离子质量分数在1 μg/g以下，产品品质较高。

关键词: 聚醚多元醇, 氢氧化钾, 环氧丙烷, 环氧丁烷

Abstract: By choosing the right feeding method, polyether polyols with low unsaturation and narrow molecular weight distribution can be prepared by using KOH as catalyst to catalyze the polymerization of epoxy monomer with alcohol or phenol.The amount of catalyst used and the reaction temperature affect the yield and the quality of the product to a great extent, so controlling the appropriate amount of catalyst and reaction temperature is the key to the preparation of polyether polyols.When different phenols and alcohols are used as starting agents, the reactivity decreases gradually with the increase of chain length, and more catalysts and longer reaction time are needed to achieve high reaction yield.Compared with propylene oxide, the reactivity of epoxy butane decreased due to the increase of steric hindrance, and more catalysts were needed to prepare polyether products with designed molecular weight.When epoxy propane and epoxy butane are used as epoxy monomers at the same time, copolymerization of polyether products with variable structure can be prepared by adjusting the feed ratio of the two.The polyether product prepared by this method has low bromine value and molecular weight distribution below 1.10, and after post-treatment, the water content of the product can be kept below 0.2%, the potassium ion content is below 1 μg/g, and the product quality is high.

Key words: polyether polyols, potassium hydroxide, propylene oxide, butane oxide

郑伟平朱忠朋陶志平赵杰伏朝林贾丹丹. 聚醚多元醇的合成探究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(1): 154-159.

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