基于蓖麻油和甲壳素的生物基润滑脂制备及其性能

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (10): 78-86.

基于蓖麻油和甲壳素的生物基润滑脂制备及其性能

吴启昊¹,何懿峰^1,2,曾凡坤¹,司润生¹,庄敏阳¹,陈靖¹

1. 中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司
2. 石油化工分子转化与反应工程全国重点实验室

收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-05-18 出版日期:2025-10-12 发布日期:2025-10-09
通讯作者: 何懿峰 E-mail:heyf.ripp@sinopec.com

PREPARATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BIO-BASED GREASE DERIVED FROM CASTOR OIL AND CHITIN

Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-05-18 Online:2025-10-12 Published:2025-10-09
Contact: yifeng he E-mail:heyf.ripp@sinopec.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分别以蓖麻油和矿物油为基础油，甲壳素、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锂为稠化剂制备了基础润滑脂，并通过正交试验设计优化了制备工艺。对比蓖麻油-甲壳素润滑脂与金属皂基（硬脂酸钙/硬脂酸锂）润滑脂的理化性能，结合扫描电镜、热重-差示扫描量热仪、流变仪及四球试验机，系统分析了所制备润滑脂的微观结构、热稳定性、流变特性与摩擦学行为。结果表明：蓖麻油-甲壳素润滑脂的滴点大于330 ℃，钢网分油率为3.71%；其机械安定性、胶体安定性、高温稳定性和热稳定性（起始分解温度）均高于金属皂基润滑脂；其四球试验烧结负荷为2452 N，大于金属皂基脂；摩擦因数为0.0765，与金属皂基脂性能相当。此外，其在高温下的黏度保持能力及抗剪切恢复能力突出。蓖麻油-甲壳素润滑脂的综合性能优异，兼具环境友好特性，可为生物基润滑材料的开发提供新思路，助力低碳可持续发展战略。

关键词: 生物基润滑脂, 蓖麻油, 甲壳素, 流变学特性, 摩擦学性能

Abstract: In this study, castor oil and mineral oil were employed as base oils, while chitin, calcium stearate, and lithium stearate served as thickeners, respectively. The optimal grease formation conditions were determined through orthogonal experimental design to prepare base greases. The physicochemical properties of the castor oil-chitin system were systematically compared with those of metal soap-based (calcium/lithium stearate) greases. Microstructural characteristics, thermal stability, rheological properties, and tribological behavior were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), rheometer, and a four-ball tribometer. Results demonstrated that the castor oil-chitin grease exhibited superior performance: a dropping point exceeding 330 ℃, steel mesh oil separation rate of 3.71%, and enhanced mechanical stability, colloidal stability, and high-temperature stability compared to metal soap-based greases. TGA revealed higher initial decomposition temperatures, indicating superior thermal stability. Rheological analysis highlighted exceptional viscosity retention and shear recovery capabilities at elevated temperatures. The four-ball test showed a weld load of 2452 N (exceeding metal soap-based greases) and comparable friction coefficient (0.0765). The castor oil-chitin grease exhibits excellent overall performance and environmental friendliness, offering a novel approach for the development of bio-based lubricants and contributing to low-carbon and sustainable development strategies.

Key words: bio-based grease, castor oil, chitin, rheological properties, tribological performance

吴启昊何懿峰曾凡坤司润生庄敏阳陈靖. 基于蓖麻油和甲壳素的生物基润滑脂制备及其性能[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(10): 78-86.

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