石油炼制与化工 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 110-115.

• 油品与添加剂 • 上一篇    下一篇

橡胶材料对不同组成变压器油性能的影响

张绮1,2,于会民1,2,王会娟1,2,王毅1,2,张秀娟1,2   

  1. 1. 中国石油兰州润滑油研究开发中心
    2. 中国石油润滑油重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-07 修回日期:2024-10-16 出版日期:2025-02-12 发布日期:2025-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 张绮 E-mail:zhangqi_rhy@petrochina.com.cn

EFFECTS OF RUBBER MATERIALS ON THE PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMER OILS OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITIONS


  • Received:2024-08-07 Revised:2024-10-16 Online:2025-02-12 Published:2025-01-16

摘要: 采用100 ℃、164 h变压器油橡胶相容性试验和空白样品老化试验,考察了不同烃组成变压器油与多种橡胶材料(氢化丁腈橡胶、氟橡胶、氯丁橡胶、三元乙丙胶、硅橡胶)的相容性,分析了各种橡胶材料对不同烃类组成变压器油的颜色、酸值、界面张力、介质损耗因数、击穿电压的影响程度及其与变压器油芳烃含量的关系。结果表明:芳烃含量对变压器油的色度、酸值、介质损耗因数影响较大;芳烃含量越高,橡胶相容性试验后变压器油的颜色越深、酸值和介质损耗因数越高;橡胶材料对低芳烃含量变压器油(无论是石蜡基油还是环烷基油)的影响均不明显。氟橡胶与各种烃类组成变压器油的相容性最好,丁腈橡胶次之,而三元乙丙胶、硅橡胶和氯丁橡胶与各种烃类组成变压器油的相容性均较差。相容性不好的橡胶材料对变压器油的界面张力、介质损耗因数、击穿电压影响较大,其影响程度远大于变压器油烃组成的影响。

关键词: 变压器油, 烃组成, 橡胶材料, 相容性

Abstract: The compatibility of different hydrocarbon composition transformer oils with various rubber materials (hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluororubber, chloroprene rubber, EPDM, and silicone rubber) was investigated using a 100 ℃, 164 h transformer oil rubber compatibility test and blank sample aging tests. The degree of influence of various rubber materials on the color, acid value, interfacial tension, dielectric loss factor, and breakdown voltage of different hydrocarbon composition transformer oils, as well as their relationship with the aromatic hydrocarbon content of the transformer oil, was analyzed. The results show that the aromatic hydrocarbon content has a significant impact on the chromaticity, acid value, and dielectric loss factor of the transformer oil; the higher the aromatic hydrocarbon content, the darker the color, higher acid value, and higher dielectric loss factor of the transformer oil after the rubber compatibility test; the impact of rubber materials on transformer oils with low aromatic hydrocarbon content (whether paraffinic or naphthenic) is not significant. Fluororubber has the best compatibility with transformer oils of various hydrocarbon compositions, followed by nitrile rubber, while EPDM, silicone rubber, and chloroprene rubber have poor compatibility with transformer oils of various hydrocarbon compositions. Rubber materials with poor compatibility have a significant impact on the interfacial tension, dielectric loss factor, and breakdown voltage of the transformer oil, with this impact extent being much greater than the influence of the hydrocarbon composition of the transformer oil.

Key words: transformer oil, hydrocarbon composition, rubber material, compatibility