Fe-Ni纳米乳液催化剂在煤焦油浆态床加氢裂化中的应用研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 制备了油包水型Fe-Ni双金属纳米乳液作为分散型催化剂，考察了其在煤焦油常压渣油浆态床加氢裂化反应中催化活性。结果表明，当表面活性剂用量（w）为10 %时，可得到外观透明澄清且动力学稳定的纳米乳液催化剂，其分散相的平均粒径为10.5 nm，粒径分布范围仅为5~30 nm。催化剂原位硫化后的活性相以Fe4.5Ni4.5S8混晶为主，平均粒径为328 nm，粒径分布在125~425 nm之间。在煤焦油加氢裂化过程中，Fe-Ni双金属催化剂存在明显的协同效应，催化活性明显高于Fe或Ni的单金属催化剂，且纳米乳液催化剂的活性与油溶性催化剂接近，实现了油溶性催化剂易分散、高活性优势与水溶性催化剂低成本优势的结合。

关键词: 煤焦油, 浆态床加氢, 纳米乳液, 分散型催化剂, 协同效应

Abstract: Water in oil (W/O) type Fe-Ni bimetallic nanoemulsions were prepared as the dispersed catalysts, and their catalytic performance in the slurry-phase hydrocracking of coal tar atmospheric residue was investigated. The results demonstrated that the nanoemulsion with transparent appearance and stable kinetics was obtained at surfactant dosage of 10%. The dispersed phase was distributed uniformly in the range of 5 - 30 nm, with an average particle size of approximately 10.5 nm. The active phase of the nanoemulsion catalyst after in-situ sulfurization is mainly Fe4.5Ni4.5S8 mixed crystal, with an average particle size of 328 nm, distributed in the range of 125 - 425 nm. During the coal tar hydrocracking process, the catalytic performance of the Fe-Ni bimetallic catalyst is better than that of the Fe or Ni single metal catalysts, which is attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe-Ni bimetals. The activity of Fe-Ni bimetallic nanoemulsion catalyst is close to that of oil-soluble catalyst, realizing the advantage combination of high activity of oil-soluble catalysts and low cost of water-soluble catalysts.

Key words: coal tar, slurry-phase hydrocracking, nanoemulsion, dispersed catalyst, synergistic effect

乔爱军. Fe-Ni纳米乳液催化剂在煤焦油浆态床加氢裂化中的应用研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(7): 62-68.

参考文献

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