汽油清净剂对在用车节能减排的影响研究

石油炼制与化工 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9): 106-113.

汽油清净剂对在用车节能减排的影响研究

赵玥¹,张欣²,赵杰¹,崔羽浓²,李菁元²,李博¹,杨帆²,张建荣¹

1. 中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司
2. 中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司

收稿日期:2024-12-25 修回日期:2025-04-30 出版日期:2025-09-12 发布日期:2025-08-28
通讯作者: 赵杰 E-mail:zhaojie.ripp@sinopec.com

STUDY ON EFFECT OF GASOLINE DETERGENTS ON FUEL SAVE AND EMISSION REDUCTION OF IN-USE VEHICLES

Received:2024-12-25 Revised:2025-04-30 Online:2025-09-12 Published:2025-08-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 汽车排放尾气是造成大气污染的关键因素之一，而汽油清净剂能有效清除发动机积炭，但其对改善燃油效率和减少尾气排放的作用尚不清晰。选取代表性的在用车辆，研究了市场3种主流汽油清净剂在清除积炭前后对冷启动排气污染物含量的影响。结果表明，汽油清净剂能显著减少发动机积炭，从而减少碳排放。常温下使用汽油清净剂后总碳氢化合物（THC）、一氧化碳（CO）和氮氧化物（NO_x）的排放量分别下降5.98%、8.74%和14.13%，颗粒物质量（PM）和数量（PN）分别下降32.41%和29.89%，油耗减少3.29%。在全球轻型汽车测试循环（WLTC）中的超高速工况下，加入汽油清净剂后，THC,CO,NO_x的排放量分别下降23.72%,31.43%,34.04%。此外，在车辆冷启动和急加速时，使用汽油清净剂能显著降低THC、CO的排放量。

关键词: 汽油清净剂, 积炭, 气态污染物排放, 颗粒物排放, 油耗

Abstract: Vehicle exhaust emissions are one of the critical factors in atmospheric pollution, particularly affecting haze and photochemical smog. Gasoline detergents are effective in removing engine carbon deposits, but research on their influence on fuel efficiency and exhaust emissions remains insufficient. This study investigates the effects of three mainstream detergents on cold-start exhaust pollutants before and after carbon deposit removal with representative in-use vehicles. The results indicate that detergents can significantly reduce engine carbon deposits, thereby decreasing carbon emissions. At normal temperatures, the use of detergents led to average reductions of 5.98%, 8.74%, and 14.13% in total hydrocarbons (THC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emissions, respectively. Particulate matter (PM) mass and number (PN) emissions decreased by 32.41% and 29.89%, respectively, and fuel consumption was reduced by 3.29%. After carbon deposits were removed by detergent, the emissions of THC, CO, and NO_x decreased by 23.72%, 31.43%, and 34.04%, respectively, under ultra-high-speed conditions in the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC). Additionally, using detergents significantly reduced THC, CO emissions during vehicle cold starts and rapid acceleration.

Key words: gasoline detergent, coke deposit, gaseous pollutant emission, particulate matter emission, fuel consumption

赵玥张欣赵杰崔羽浓李菁元李博杨帆张建荣. 汽油清净剂对在用车节能减排的影响研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(9): 106-113.

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