沸石吸附分离丙烷与丙烯的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丙烷/丙烯的高效分离是化学工业中亟待突破的共性技术难题，因二者物理性质相近，传统高压低温精馏工艺存在效率低、能耗高的固有缺陷。基于沸石吸附剂的分离技术具有低能耗、高选择性以及工艺灵活性等优势，被视为极具潜力的替代方案。综述了沸石吸附剂用于丙烷/丙烯分离的研究进展，深入剖析丙烷/丙烯高效分离的可行性策略与作用机制，重点围绕平衡吸附分离与非平衡吸附分离两大技术路线，全面总结了金属离子改性、表面化学修饰、多级孔道构建等沸石改性策略及其构效关系。基于当前研究现状，指出发展低成本沸石合成与改性策略、深化吸附机制的微观解析、向复杂多组分体系拓展是未来研究的重点方向。

关键词: 丙烷, 丙烯, 沸石, 吸附, 分离

Abstract: The efficient separation of propane and propene represents a critical and persistent technological challenge in the chemical industry. The traditional high-pressure and low-temperature distillation process has inherent defects such as low efficiency and high energy consumption due to their similar physical properties. The separation technology based on zeolite adsorbents, with its advantages of low energy consumption, high selectivity and process flexibility, is regarded as a promising alternative solution. This paper reviews the innovative research progress of zeolite adsorbents for the separation of propane and propene. Starting from the differences in the physicochemical properties of propane and propene, it deeply analyzes the feasible strategies and action mechanisms for efficient separation. Focusing on two major technical routes of equilibrium adsorption separation and non-equilibrium adsorption separation, the paper comprehensively summarizes zeolite modification strategies such as metal ion modification, surface chemical modification, and multi-level pore construction, as well as their structure-performance relationships. Finally, based on current research, it is noted that developing low-cost zeolite synthesis and modification strategies, deepening the microscopic elucidation of adsorption mechanisms, and expanding into complex multi-component separation systems are key development directions for future research.

Key words: propane, propylene, zeolite, adsorption, separation

易天立李益衡刘宗俨. 沸石吸附分离丙烷与丙烯的研究进展[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2026, 57(10): 11-19.

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