Pt基丙烷脱氢催化剂失活机制研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丙烷脱氢（PDH）技术是应对全球丙烯需求增长及原料轻质化趋势的核心工艺，其中铂（Pt）基催化剂凭借优异的C—H键活化能力，在工业应用中占据重要地位。然而，在高温及频繁氧化-还原循环的苛刻工况下，Pt基催化剂面临焦炭沉积、活性金属烧结以及助剂流失/迁移等多重失活挑战，限制了装置的运行周期与经济效益。系统综述了Pt基PDH催化剂的失活路径及其影响因素以及不同失活路径的耦合规律。从原子级精准构筑、载体适配优化等方面提出了工业PDH催化剂的设计方向，为开发更长寿命、更高活性与稳定性的工业PDH催化体系提供了思路。

关键词: 丙烷脱氢, Pt基催化剂, 失活机制, 稳定性

Abstract: Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) technology serves as a core process to meet the growing global demand for propylene and adapt to the trend of feedstock lightening. Platinum (Pt)-based catalysts, with their exceptional C—H bond activation capacity, play a vital role in industrial applications. However, under harsh operating conditions featuring high temperatures and frequent redox cycles, Pt-based catalysts suffer from multiple deactivation challenges including coke deposition, active metal sintering, and promoter leaching and migration, which restrict the operation cycle and economic performance of industrial units. This paper systematically reviews the deactivation pathways of Pt-based PDH catalysts, the factors affecting deactivation, and the coupling mechanisms of different deactivation routes. Design directions for industrial PDH catalysts are proposed from perspectives including atomic-level precise construction and support adaptation optimization, providing design guidelines for developing industrial PDH catalytic systems with longer service life, higher activity and superior stability.

Key words: propane dehydrogenation, Pt-based catalyst, deactivation mechanism, stability

张金行王杰广刘昌呈张新宽董晨刘彤. Pt基丙烷脱氢催化剂失活机制研究进展[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2026, 57(11): 167-175.

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