不同盐类及其浓度对厌氧氨氧化工艺影响研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 厌氧氨氧化工艺被认为是污水生物脱氮领域最经济的处理工艺，具有能耗低、无需外加有机碳源、污泥产量少等优点。然而，厌氧氨氧化菌对环境较为敏感，这一特性影响了其处理高盐废水时的脱氮效率。简述了不同盐类及其浓度对厌氧氨氧化脱氮性能、污泥颗粒、胞外聚合物以及生物群落结构的影响，并从渗透压、能量代谢、酶活性抑制等方面总结了厌氧氨氧化菌的耐盐抑制机理，讨论了高盐胁迫的应对研究，并对今后不同盐类及其浓度对厌氧氨氧化工艺影响研究提出展望，以期为厌氧氨氧化工艺处理含盐富氮废水的优化提供参考。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化工艺, 含盐富氮废水, 耐盐机理, 盐溶策略

Abstract: Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process is considered the most economical treatment process in the field of sewage biological nitrogen removal, with advantages such as low energy consumption, no need for external organic carbon sources, and low sludge production. However, Anammox bacteria are sensitive to the environment, which affects the nitrogen removal performance of Anammox in treating high-salinity wastewater. Thispaper briefly describes the impact of different salts and their concentrations on the nitrogen removal performance, sludge granules, extracellular polymers, and microbial community structure of Anammox, and summarizes the salt tolerance inhibition mechanisms of anammox bacteria from aspects such as osmotic pressure, energy metabolism, and enzyme inhibition. It also discusses research on coping with high salinity stress and prospects for future studies on the impact of different salts and their concentrations on the Anammox process, aiming to provide references for the optimization of Anammox processes in treating saline nitrogen-rich wastewater.

Key words: Anammox process, saline nitrogen-rich wastewater, salt tolerance mechanism, salt dissolution strategy

原慧桑军强左陆珅. 不同盐类及其浓度对厌氧氨氧化工艺影响研究进展[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(6): 148-155.

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