直链型全氟聚醚润滑脂的摩擦学性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以全氟聚醚（PFPE）为基础油、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）为稠化剂，加入抗磨添加剂，制备了PFPE润滑脂，并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、N₂吸附-脱附等手段表征了不同PTFE的结构与微观形貌；进一步，利用四球摩擦试验和SRV摩擦磨损试验考察了PFPE润滑脂的摩擦学行为，并通过SEM、能量色散荧光光谱仪（EDS）、三维轮廓仪（micro-XAM-3D）以及 X 射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）等方法，深入剖析了试验摩擦副表面的元素组成与形貌特征，分析了PFPE润滑脂的作用机理。结果表明：P3型PTFE稠化剂具有丰富的大孔结构，展现出优异的稠化能力；以P3型PTFE稠化剂制备的润滑脂在减摩抗磨方面表现更优，摩擦因数可低至0.101，摩擦副磨损体积仅7.29×10⁵ μm³；添加质量分数5%硼酸盐添加剂后，摩擦因数降低约14%，摩擦副磨损体积减少约50%，这是因为硼酸盐添加剂可以在摩擦表面形成固溶体保护膜，有效增强润滑脂的减摩抗磨性能。

关键词: 全氟聚醚, 润滑脂, 摩擦学性能, 保护膜

Abstract: Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) grease was prepared by using different types of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and anti-wear additives. Based on the detection techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption, the structure and microscopic morphology of PTFE thickener were characterized and analyzed.Two standardized test platforms, namely the four-ball friction testing machine and the SRV friction and wear testing machine, were used to explore the tribological behavior characteristics of PFPE grease.Meanwhile, the detection techniques of SEM, energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), three-dimensional profilometer(micro-XAM-3D),andX-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) were comprehensively employed to deeply analyze the composition and morphological characteristics of the friction pair surface and infer the lubrication mechanism of different greases.The results show that the P3-type PTFE micropowder with large pore structure has good thickening ability, and the prepared grease has the best wear reduction and wear resistance, which the minimum friction coefficient is only 0.101, the wear volume is only 7.29×10⁵ μm³. The grease with borate added exhibits more outstanding anti-friction and anti-wear properties, specifically manifested as a reduction of approximately 14% in the coefficient of friction and a decrease of approximately 50% in the volume of wear. Borate additives form a solid solution structure to construct a complex permeable protective film at the friction interface. This special protective film can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction and enhance the surface's anti-wear ability.

Key words: perfluoropolyether, grease, tribological properties, protective film

李倩. 直链型全氟聚醚润滑脂的摩擦学性能研究[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2025, 56(12): 97-105.

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