Abstract: The process conditions of slurry-bed hydrogenation processing vacuum gas oil (VGO) were investigated, and the kinetics of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) was studied as well. The results indicated that the optimal process conditions were obtained as follows: a reaction temperature of 360 oC, a reaction pressure of 8 MPa, a catalyst mass fraction of 9% and a reaction time of 2 h. Kinetics research data suggested that for HDS reactions, the apparent activation energy in the initial stage is 100.44 kJ/mol; in the final period, the apparent activation energy is 121.72 kJ/mol due to the differences in HDS mechanism of various S-containing compounds in VGO. For HDN reactions, the apparent activation energy is 105.17 kJ/mol. During the initial reaction stage, N-containing compounds are difficult to be removed, however, with the proceeding of reactions the alkyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes (R-DBTs) become the most difficult compounds to be removed.