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PROGRESS IN PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF PYROLYSIS OIL FROM WASTE PLASTIC PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (9): 1-7.   Abstract （673）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The increase amount of waste plastic products brings about increasingly serious environmental pollution problems. Using pyrolysis technology to treat waste plastics can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also is an important way to realize chemical recovery of waste plastics. The source of waste plastics is extensive, which leads to many impurities in waste plastic pyrolysis oil, and limits the direct utilization of waste plastics pyrolysis oil. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the post-treatment process of pyrolysis oil of waste plastics to promote the high-value utilization of waste plastics. In addition, it is very important to analyze the composition of waste plastic pyrolysis oil, which is helpful to adopt the targeted processing technolgy. In this paper, the research progress of the composition analysis of waste plastics pyrolysis oil in recent years was reviewed, processing technology of waste plastic pyrolysis oil, such as dechlorination and hydrofining, was introduced, and the prospect of processing technology of waste plastic pyrolysis oil was put forward. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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SRJET TECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGENATION OF WASTE OILS AND FATS TO PRODUCE BIO-JET FUEL AND ITS COMMERCIAL APPLICATION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (12): 1-5.   Abstract （552）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save In order to meet the demand for bio-jet fuel in China's aviation market, SINOPEC Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company has built a 100 kt/a bio-jet fuel production plant using waste cooking oil as feed, adopting the SRJET technology developed by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd.. The first operation of the device was successful, and the product met the requirements of No.3 jet fuel standard. The bio-jet fuel products successfully obtained the sustainable certification certificate issued by RSB and the bioaviation coal airworthiness certificate approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of China, and successfully realized commercial flight. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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PREPARATION OF ALUMINA WITH HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA AND LARGE PORE VOLUME VIA ALCOHOL ADDITION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (7): 20-25.   Abstract （479）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the difficult problem of preparing high-purity alumina with large specific surface area, large pore volume and large pore size, the effects of organic fatty alcohol on the specific surface area, pore volume and the most probable pore diameter of alumina during the preparation of high-purity alumina by alkoxy aluminum hydrolysis were investigated, and the influence mechanism was explored. The results showed that the addition of fatty alcohol and emulsifier at the same time was beneficial to the dispersion of alcohol in the slurry of aluminum hydroxide precursor, and more large pores could be formed effectively by drying and calcination, so that the specific surface area, pore volume and the most probable pore diameter could increase at the same time. The higher the amount of alcohol or emulsifier, the better the effect of pore enlargement, and the higher the carbon number of fatty alcohol, the better the effect of pore enlargement. As an additive, n-hexanol was better than isopropanol, n-butanol and n-amyl alcohol in pore enlargement. The addition of fatty alcohol did not increase the residual carbon content of alumina products and had no effect on the purity of alumina. Through optimization of process conditions, high-purity alumina with high specific surface area ≥ 270 m2/g, pore volume ≥ 0.80 cm3/g and the most probable pore diameter ≥9 nm could be obtained by this method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS OF RUTHENIUM-BASED ACIDIC OXYGEN CATALYST EVOLUTION IN WATER ELECTROLYSIS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (10): 1-10.   Abstract （459）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The proton exchange membrane electrolysis of water (PEMEW) can be coupled with green electricity generated from renewable energy to efficiently produce high-purity green hydrogen. Among them, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode is still the bottleneck that affects the overall water electrolysis efficiency because of its slow kinetic process, high oxidation and corrosion. At present, the anode is extremely dependent on the limited and expensive iridium-based catalysts, which greatly limits the large-scale commercial application of proton exchange membrane (PEM)-based electrolyzers. Ruthenium, as the cheapest platinum group metal, has excellent acidic oxygen evolution activity, but its stability still needs further study, so it is urgent to develop some new ruthenium-based acidic oxygen evolution catalysts. Firstly, the reaction mechanism and stability analysis of acidic OER were reviewed. Then, the research progress in this field was mainly introduced from the aspects of composition/structure-activity-stability. Finally, some important problems in future research were summarized to promote further research on ruthenium-based acidic oxygen evolution catalysts. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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PROGRESS ON CATALYSTS FOR AMMONIA DECOMPOSITION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (2): 10-22.   Abstract （430）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Hydrogen energy,as a clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy source,is attracting worldwide attention.However, the extremely low volume energy density andthe flammable and explosive characteristics of hydrogen bring difficulties and dangersto large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen. Ammonia is a kind of carbon-free hydrogen carrier,which not only has high volume and mass energy density, but also has mature storage and transportation technology.On-site hydrogen productionfrom ammonia can solve the problems of hydrogen storage and transport, so ammonia hydrogen storage from ammoniais attracting a lot of attention. Currently, the most efficient catalyst for ammonia decomposition is ruthenium-based catalysts, but it can not be used in large scale because of its high price. Among the non-precious metal-based catalysts, Ni-based catalysts have the highest activity and relatively low cost,which are considered to have great application potential. However, Ru-based and Ni-based catalytic systems still havesome challenges in terms of activity and stability. In this paper,the latestresearch progress of ammonia decomposition catalysts, including catalysts based on Ru, catalysts based on non-precious metals Fe and Ni, and bimetallic catalysts, and the reaction mechanism of ammonia decompositionin recent literaturewere reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY STEAM REFORMING OF NATURAL GAS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (7): 105-112.   Abstract （413）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Based on the process parameters of the industrial natural gas hydrogen plant, a process model of natural gas hydrogen production was established by using Aspen Plus process simulation software. The energy consumption, material consumption, H2 cost and carbon emission intensity of hydrogen production process under different process parameters were investigated. The results showed that the cracking reaction of methane was the main cause of carbon deposition in the conversion unit, and high water/carbon (H2O/C) mole ratio was beneficial to inhibit thermodynamic carbon deposition. Besides, low H2O/C mole ratio, low CH4 content in dry gas of conversion unit and high H2 yield of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit were beneficial to energy saving and material consumption reduction of H2 production, and to reduction of carbon emission, the order of their influence on hydrogen production unit from high to low was H2O/C mole ratio > H2 yield of PSA unit > CH4 content in dry gas of conversion unit. The change of CO content in dry gas of medium-temperature WGS had no obvious influence on the energy consumption, material consumption, H2 cost, and CO2 emissions intensity of the hydrogen plant. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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REVIEWS ON SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGIES OF 1,2-PROPANEDIOL PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (12): 143-148.   Abstract （404）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The synthesis of 1,2-propanediol by hydration of propylene oxide, transesterification, hydrogenolysis of glycerol, and reaction of propylene hydrogen with peroxide were introduced and compared. Propylene catalytic oxidation technology has the characteristics of low cost and easy availability of raw materials, integration of two reactions in one reactor, higher yield of 1,2-propanediol, no need to invest in propylene oxide production capacity, and good technical and economic efficiency, which can realize the cleaner production of 1,2-propanediol, and has a good prospect of industrial application. It was suggested that the development of stable and efficient catalytic oxidation catalyst should be the key research direction of this technology in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF AMORPHOUS SILICA-ALUMINA MATERIALS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (3): 154-161.   Abstract （379）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Amorphous silica-alumina (ASA) is a composite material formed by Al2O3 and SiO2 with large pore size, pore volume and suitable acidity, which has been used in crude oil processing. The development of high performance ASA materials is of great significance in improving the catalyst activity and increasing the selectivity of target products. The effects of different preparation methods on the structure and acidity of ASA materials, the causes of the acidity of ASA materials and the influencing factors were analyzed. The applications of ASA materials in hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, and other catalytic reaction processes were investigated to provide guidelines for the preparation of high performance ASA materials. The main directions of future research on ASA materials were proposed in the light of current development trends. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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DEVELOPMENT OF A MODULAR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM METHANOL AND APPLICATION IN THE HYDROGEN REFUELING STATION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (11): 1-7.   Abstract （368）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save To satisfy the hydrogen demand for hydrogen refueling stations, based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing hydrogen supply system, the catalytic process and chemical process of the distributed hydrogen production system were "re-engineered" to form a new distributed hydrogen production system. The development of a new type of catalyst for hydrogen production from methanol improved the reaction efficiency and reduced the reactor volume. The new catalytic oxidation catalyst has the advantages of high activity at low temperatures and good stability at high temperatures. The micro-channel technology was used to strengthen the heat transfer process in the distributed hydrogen production system, and the miniaturization of the device was realized. The coupling system of methanol reforming and catalytic oxidation made full use of the characteristics of endothermic-exothermic reaction and realized the closed-loop utilization of system energy. The distributed hydrogen production system developed in this paper was first developed in China, and the integrated hydrogen refueling station with the production of hydrogenation was demonstrated. The covered area of the distributed methanol hydrogen production demonstration unit was only 64 m2, and the methanol consumption of 1 kg fuel cell grade hydrogen was 7.37 kg. It provides a replicable and extensible experience for China to construct a safe, stable, and efficient hydrogen supply network, and has a positive significance for reducing the cost of hydrogen and promoting its application on a large scale. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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COMPONENT-BASED REFINING ACCELERATINGTHE TRANSITION OF OIL REFINING TO CHEMICALS PRODUCTION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (6): 1-8.   Abstract （364）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Under continuous superposition ofmultiple development pressures, the transformationand upgradingof traditional refining industry is imminent. In order to make full use of the value from different molecular and component in crude oil and produce high value products economically and efficiently, the research of component-based refining has become an important direction to helpthe petrochemical industryto upgrade rapidly and move towards molecular refining. By comparing with traditional refining (fraction-based), the important relationship between specific components of crude oil and the target products,the implementation steps and key supporting technologies of the component-based refining were analyzed, and theeffects on increasing utilization ratio of crude oil resources and added value of products, reducing production cost and carbon dioxide emission and developing new materials were studied. In different component-based refining cases, the yield of ethylene and the benefit per ton of crude oil could be increased by 12.7% and 160.12 Yuan/t, respectively,and thecarbon dioxide emission reductionwas about 19.83 kg per ton crude oil. This study provides an important reference for the development and application of separation technology and key refining technology in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS IN ELECTROCATALYTIC ORGANIC OXIDATION COUPLED WITH HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (1): 42-51.   Abstract （354）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Electrocatalytic water splitting driven by clean energy (e.g., solar, wind) is the most promising green ways for hydrogen（H2） production. However, this process still suffers from the problem of high energy consumption. One of the main “bottlenecks” for water splitting is the sluggish four-electron OER while the generated O2 is not of significant value. Electrocatalytic organic oxidation coupled with H2 production has been proven to be an attractive approach to produce high-value-added chemicals at anode and facilitate coupled H2 production at cathode. This review provided a comprehensive summary of the recent advances in electrocatalytic organic oxidation coupled with H2 production, including the types of “active oxygen” and the reaction mechanism for catalytic organic oxidation, the strategies to enhance the reaction rate by reactants enrichment, and the design of appropriate reaction equipment. Finally,the potential prospects and challenges in this emerging electrocatalytic field were discussed ,aiming to stimulate the development of H2 production from electrocatalytic water splitting Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF ADSORBENT RAX-4000 PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (7): 41-45.   Abstract （329）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save RAX-4000 is a new generation of p-xylene adsorbent developed by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd. Its adsorption capacity, adsorption selectivity and productivity are significantly improved compared with the previous generation of adsorbent. RAX-4000 was successfully applied in the adsorptive separation unit of aromatics complex in SINOPEC Jinling Company. The results of long-period industrial application showed that the purity of p-xylene was 99.84%, the single-pass yield was 99.0%, the desorbent-to-feed mass ratio was 1.05, and the average chamber pressure drop was 0.21 MPa. RAX-4000 has been running smoothly and its technical index was advanced in the past 3 years. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF SiO2 COATED CORE-SHELL CATALYSTS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (3): 148-153.   Abstract （324）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Core-shell materials, as a kind of composite catalyst, are composed of core and shell, which show excellent synergistic effect and new characteristics. SiO2 is an ideal shell material for developing core-shell catalysts because of its advantages such as non-toxicity, chemical inertness, optical transparency, simplicity of modification, and low cost. In this paper, the preparation methods of SiO2 coated core-shell catalysts, including the sol-gel approach, template method, self-assembly process, and surface deposition method were introduced in detail. Besides, the applications of SiO2 coated core-shell catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis, such as shape selective catalysis, reducing the loss of active components, preventing the aggregation of nanoparticles and sintering were discussed. The future development trend of core-shell catalysts coated with SiO2 was pointed out. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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APPLICATION SCENARIOS ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT PREDICTION OF DOMESTIC HYDROGEN ENERGY PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (9): 18-23.   Abstract （314）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Based on hydrogen energy as one of the important solutions for carbon neutrality in the hard-to-decarbonize industry, the application scenarios of hydrogen energy in transportation, industry, architecture and power electricity were analyzed. Based on the actual annual output of petrochemical and coal chemical products in 2021, the estimated hydrogen consumption in 2021 for existing industrial applications was about 37.9 Mt. In the near to medium term, the domestic hydrogen energy demand pattern is still dominated by coal chemical industry and petrochemical industry. Green hydrogen will gradually penetrate the industrial sector, and the cost of green hydrogen is expected to achieve parity in 2030. Based on the medium and long-term energy outlook model, the total domestic hydrogen consumption is predicted to be about 83 Mt in 2060, accounting for 11.3% of the total terminal energy consumption. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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IN-SITU HYDROGENATION OF DICYCLOPENTADIENE OVER Pd/Al2O3 CATALYST PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (6): 1-6.   Abstract （313）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Two-step hydrogenation of dicyclopentadiene(DCPD) was carried out over Pd/Al2O3 as catalyst and formic acid as hydrogen donor instead of H2. The hydrogenation products could be further used to prepare high density jet fuel and fine chemicals. This process avoids the high pressure, flammable and explosive risk and the high requirements for the equipment when using H2 as the hydrogen source, and can be completed in an ordinary container. The effects of formic acid adding mode, reaction time, reaction temperature, reaction solvent and substrate concentration were investigated. The results showed that adding formic acid by interval with average weight was beneficial for the formation of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, the yield of which could be up to 99% after reaction 10 h at 160 ℃. In isopropanol, ethanol or tetrahydrofuran solvent, DCPD concentration of 40%-60% could effectively promote the formation of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene. At the same time, the stability of the catalyst was investigated, and it was found that the catalyst could still maintain high catalytic activity after five cycles, which meant good potential for industrialization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON INTERFACE STRUCTURE REGULATION OF ELECTROLYTIC WATER CATALYSTS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (2): 1-9.   Abstract （309）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save With the advancement of carbon neutrality goalin China, the exploration and utilization of renewable energy has become a hot research topic, in which hydrogen production by electrolytic water as a green,large-scale production of H2 energy technology has attracted much attention.The process of water electrolysis mainly involves two half reactions, namely hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). At present, the efficiency of hydrogen production on a large scale is low, so the development of efficient catalysts to improve the efficiency of water electrolysis is the core to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production. High-efficiency electrocatalysts should have a large number of exposed active sites, high conductivity and long life.As the main site for catalytic reactions, the interface can be regulated to tailor the reaction path by adjusting the interfaceatomic arrangement and electronic structure. Interface engineering can modify the catalyst to obtain new physicochemical properties and excellent synergistic effects. Due to the increased density of active sites, the activity and stability of electrocatalysts can be greatly improved. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the interface structure at the nanoscale to develop efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting.In this paper, three main interface structures and interface structure control strategies were reviewed, which could provide guide for interface structure control to enhance the electrocatalytic performance. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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PROGRESS IN THE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR AMINATION OF FATTY ALCOHOL PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (7): 137-144.   Abstract （298）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save As an important fine chemical intermediate, aliphatic amines are widely used in dyes, pesticides and other fields. The reductive amination of alcohol is one of the most promising methods with wide source of raw materials, simple process and green economy. The development of catalyst is the key and difficult point of the reaction. The research progress in heterogeneous catalysts for amination of fatty alcohol was reviewed, and the catalytic performance and reaction regularity of Ni, Co, Pd and Ru catalysts for different substrates were introduced. The modification of metal (such as its geometric structure, its electronic structure) and support (acid-base, metal-support interaction) sites were described as the main means to improve the performance of catalysts. The frontiers of the topic, including the preparation of high performance catalysts, the study of reaction mechanism and structure-activity relationship, and the development of mild reaction and polyols systems, were put forward. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MOLECULAR SIEVE SKELETON ALUMINUM ATOM DISTRIBUTION PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (2): 36-42.   Abstract （292）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Molecular sieves have been widely used in acid-catalyzed reactions of petrochemical industrybecause of their variable acidic sites, good shape selectivity and hydrothermal stability. The distribution of acid sites is determined bythe position of aluminum atom in the molecular sieve framework, therefore, the distribution of skeleton aluminum atoms (including the porevolume, chemical environment of skeleton aluminum location, the distance between two aluminum atoms) has a great influence on its acidcatalytic performance (reaction pathway or reaction rate). Becausethe synthesis ofmolecular sieveinvolves a complex crystallization process,there are many factors affectingthe distribution of skeleton aluminum atoms, such as the kind and concentration of starting materials, crystallization conditions, introduction of heteroatoms, and post-treatment methods, etc. Many researchers have done a lot of research on regulation ofskeletonaluminum atoms. Based on this,the related research resultswere reviewed in order to promote theoriented synthesis of specific aluminum atom-distributed molecular sieves. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF COUNTERCURRENT CONTINUOUS CATALYTIC REFORMING TECHNOLOGY PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2023, 54 (8): 1-7.   Abstract （290）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Countercurrent continuous catalytic reforming technology is an important original fundamental petroleum processing technology with fully independent intellectual property rights. The matching performance between catalyst activity and reaction difficulty is better than that of traditional reforming technology.This technology has been successfully applied in large-scale chemical industry, and the maximum scale of the industrial plant was 2.60 Mt/a. Countercurrent continuous reforming technology is an important original fundamental petroleum processing technology with fully proprietary intellectual property rights. This technology has been successfully applied in large-scale chemical industry, and the maximum scale of the industrial plant was 2.60 Mt/a. The results of industrial applications showed that C5+ liquid yield, aromatics yield and hydrogen yield were high, energy consumption was low, catalyst loss was low, and the main technical index of operation was leading. From the technical concept presented, basic research of reaction-regeneration principle, development of catalyst activity regulation technology, development of key equipment and engineering technology, development of energy-saving technology, etc., the history of technology development and industrial application was comprehensively reviewed, and the technology prospect was also presented. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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HOLLOW TITANIUM SILICATE MOLECULAR SIEVE CATALYTIC MATERIAL: FROM RATIONAL DESIGN TO COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS    2024, 55 (1): 18-27.   Abstract （287）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save In response to the problems of traditional titanium silicate (TS-1) molecular sieve, such as poor selectivity, low activity and poor synthesis reproducibility, SINOPEC Corporation began to organize technical research starting with the “titanium state” and the“intracrystalline pore structure” in the 1990s, a series of hollow titanium silicate molecular sieves with independent intellectual property rights were developed, which supported the first industrialization of cyclohexanone ammoximation and propylene epoxidation technology in China. Furthermore, due to the intracrystalline reaction of propylene epoxidation and the fact that surface titanium is easy to decompose H2O2, the framework titanium is mainly distributed in the crystal of molecular sieve to reduce the ineffective decomposition of H2O2. It is found that the type and number of defects have an important effect on the size and distribution of the voids, that is, the regular bulk and irregular banded voids are produced by the skeleton point defects and the grain boundary defects, respectively. Because the template cationic TPA+ can not enter the crystal of molecular sieve, it is inferred that the defect-dissolved and dissolved silicon-titanium species recrystallization along the external surface of molecular sieve is the basic reason of the hollow and morphology change. The research progress of HTS in structural design, catalytic performance enhancement, and catalytic oxidation applications in recent yearsis aree reviewed, with a focus on summarizing the industrial applications of HTS. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）