Loading...
Author Center
Review Center
Reader Center
期刊基本信息
主办单位：中国石油化工股份有限公司
　　　　　石油化工科学研究院
编辑出版：石油炼制与化工编辑部
主　　编：汪燮卿院士
执行主编：李才英教授
副 主 编：刘鸿洲 刘迎春
国际标准刊号：ISSN 1005-2399
国内统一刊号：CN 11-3399/TQ
邮发代号：2-332

Table of Content

    12 September 2021, Volume 52 Issue 9
    Previous Issue    Next Issue
    COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF MULTIFUNCTION SORBENT FCAS-MF AT S ZORB UNIT
    2021, 52(9):  1-6. 
    Asbtract ( 460 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to meet the requirements of optimizing octane loss in ultra-deep desulfurization process, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing has successfully developed the multifunctional S Zorb sorbent FCAS-MF which is applied in a 1.2 Mt/a S Zorb unit of SINOPEC Changling Refining & Chemical Company. The results show that the multifunctional sorbent FCAS-MF has better activity and stability than the sorbent FCAS-R09. Compared with the original sorbent FCAS-R09, FCAS-MF has better olefin reduction performance and octane number retention ability. Under the conditions of S Zorb process, when the sulfur content of product gasoline was less than 10 μg/g, the RON loss can reduce by 0.3-0.6, and the olefins conversion can increase by 2-3 percentage points.
    SYNTHESIS OF IM-5 ZEOLITE WITH HIGH CRYSTALLINITY VIA SECONDARY CRYSTALLIZATION
    2021, 52(9):  7-12. 
    Asbtract ( 218 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Using IM-5 zeolite by primary crystallization as parent, IM-5 zeolite with high crystallinity was prepared via secondary hydrothermal crystallization. The effects of inorganic base system and organic base system on the crystallinity, crystal morphology and pore structure of the prepared zeolite were investigated systematically, and the optimized scheme of secondary crystallization using organic base system suitable for industrial production was obtained. The physical properties of the prepared samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM, XRF and N2 adsorption-desorption methods, and the catalytic performance of the samples was evaluated. The results show that the secondary crystallization method can effectively improve the crystallinity, specific surface area, pore volume, and crystal morphology of IM-5 zeolite, which indicates higher catalytic activity in the alkylation reaction of toluene with methanol.
    RESEARCH ON COKING DEACTIVATION OF MTP CATALYST IN SIDE-LINE TEST
    2021, 52(9):  13-20. 
    Asbtract ( 194 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Coke deposition over MFI-based MTP catalyst is determining factor on CO2 emission and energy consumption of the MTP plant. RZMP-101 catalyst and the reference catalyst were parallelly evaluated on the MTP side-line test unit. The results showed that RZMP-101 catalyst possessed longer one-pass lifespan and higher propylene yield/selectivity. The deactivated catalyst sampled from the fourth catalyst bed was characterized. The results illustrated that the deactivated RZMP-101 catalyst had lower coke deposition, indicating lower coking rate during MTP reaction, which would benefit CO2 emission reduction and energy consumption of MTP plant. The hard coke excessively deposited within mesopores of deactivated catalysts led to the loss of acidity, blockage of inner pore system and damage of extruded cylindrical shape.
    COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE SYSTEM OF TWO KINDS OF TOLUENE DISPROPORTIONATION CATALYST
    2021, 52(9):  21-24. 
    Asbtract ( 276 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The toluene disproportionation and alkylbenzene transalkylation unit of a aromatics plant adopts ExxonMobil's Transplus technology and the three-bed catalyst EM-1100 system. After a year of stable running, in order to improve the flexibility of the plant and to make full use of the remaining space in the reactor, 40 t of HAT-099 catalysts developped by Shanghai Petrochemical Research Institute of SINOPEC were added to the top layer on the existing catalyst in the reactor. By analyzing the conversion, selectivity, aromatics loss rate and C8 aromatics product quality, the performance of the two catalysts used in the disproportionation unit was investigated. The results show that the combined use of the two catalysts is effective, and the operating conditions and main performance indexes are improved under the condition of constant feed rate.
    CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF Ni-BASED CATALYST SUPPORTED ON MOLECULAR SIEVE IN HYDROGENATION OF 1,4-BUTYNEDIOL TO 1,4-BUTENEDIOL
    2021, 52(9):  25-30. 
    Asbtract ( 288 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Molecular sieve-supported nickel-based catalysts with a mass fraction of Ni of 17% were prepared on USY, ZSM-5, SBA-15 and Al2O3 by equal volume impregnation method, and the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, H2-TPR and NH3-TPD, respectively. The Ni-based catalyst was used to transform 1,4-butynediol (BYD) to 1,4-butenediol (BED). Its hydrogenation activity was investigated at a H2 pressure of 4 MPa, with a temperature of 120 ℃ and at different reaction time. The results showed that the conversion of BYD was different among the catalysts with different supports. Under the same reaction conditions, the BYD conversion of Ni/SBA-15 reached 97.8% and the selectivity of BED was 98.7%, whereas the selectivity of 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran （HTHF） was the lowest. This is due to larger specific surface area and pore size of Ni/SBA-15, good dispersion of active component Ni and weak acidity.
    COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF DOMESTIC HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS FOR IMPROVING JET FUEL AND TAIL OIL YIELD
    2021, 52(9):  31-35. 
    Asbtract ( 249 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to satisfy the increasing market demand of jet fuel and chemical materials, domestic catalysts RN-410B and RHC-133B developed by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing were applied in PetroChina Dushanzi Petrochemical Company 2.0 Mt/a hydrocracking unit in 2019 for the first time. The results illustrated that the yield of jet fuel was 35.98% when the tail oil yield was 35.87%, and the yield of jet fuel was increased by 13.05 percentage points when compared with the last cycle. Besides, jet fuel smoke point was 29.9 mm and BMCI of the tail oil product was 8.3, therefore reached the target of reducing diesel, meanwhile improving the jet fuel yield and tail oil yield and improving the product properties. During the epidemic situation, by lowering the cutting point of tail oil，the yield of tail oil could be raised to 44.4%，BMCI value is 11.8，and enterprise economic benefit is increased remarkably. In addition, through the analysis of the problems existing in the current catalyst operation, the control measures were put forward to achieve the goal of 5-year turnaround cycle of the catalyst.
    COMMERCIAL APPLICATION OF DIESEL CATALYTIC CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCING HIGH-OCTANE GASOLINE AND REDUCING DIESEL
    2021, 52(9):  36-40. 
    Asbtract ( 238 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    PetroChina Qingyang Petrochemical Company adopts the diesel catalytic conversion technology (DCP-I) developed by the PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute o to produce more high-octane gasoline and to reduce the diesel-gasoline ratio. Through the transformation of the existing process flow of the catalytic cracking unit, the FCC diesel was reprocessed at the lower nozzle of the second riser. The commercial application results of DCP-I technology show that after recycling catalytic diesel, the diesel-gasoline ratio of the unit is reduced by 0.09, the olefin content in stabilized gasoline is reduced by 0.5 percentage point, and the octane number is increased by 0.4.
    STUDY OF THE COUPLING AROMATIZATION OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS WITH METHANOL
    2021, 52(9):  41-46. 
    Asbtract ( 259 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 400 °C, a reaction pressure of 0.50 MPa (N2 atmosphere) , a mass space velocity of 1.0 h-1 and a light hydrocarbon/methanol mass ratio of 1∶1, the coupling aromatization of methanol with three light hydrocarbon feedstocks of reformer topped oil, aromatics raffinate oil and reformer pentane oil were studied. The results showed that the conversion of methanol was 100% within 72 hours. The content of isopentane in pentane oil was the highest and the yield of aromatics ranged from 26.30% to 35.13%, while the content of isopentane in the reformer topped oil was the lowest and the yield of aromatics ranged from 24.81% to 34.56% in the coupling aromatization of methanol with the reformer topped oil during the reaction. Aromatic hydrocarbons were produced by isomerization, aromatization, cyclization and hydrogen transfer, and a large number of n-alkanes reacted. When the raffinate oil reacted with methanol, the conversion of n-pentane was 97.19%, the conversion of n-hexane was 94.26% , and the mass fraction of aromatics was increased from 1.56% to 39.44% .
    INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE OF WIDENING THE RANGE OF FEEDSTOCKS FOR SINOALKY SULFURIC ACID ALKYLATION TECHNOLOGY
    2021, 52(9):  47-51. 
    Asbtract ( 173 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    SINOPEC Luoyang Company innovatively blended a small amount of C4 originally used as MTBE feed, C5 fraction from gas fractionator, or sulfur-free LPG from reformer into the post-MTBE C4 feedstock in a SINOALKY sulfuric acid alkylation unit, and investigated the change of operation parameters and the effect of various feedstocks on acid consumption of the unit. The results show that the alkylate quality from each feedstock is qualified during blending, with the RON of 96.1—96.8, the final boilling point below 194.2 ℃, and the vapor pressure of 42.8—49.5 kPa. The yield of alkylate increased by 7.40 percentage points when mixing C4 fration, and increased by 2.46 percentage points when mixing C5 fraction. The practical application has greatly broadened the adaptability of feedstocks for SINOALKY sulfuric acid alkylation unit, which can provide a new idea for process package improvement and refinery production optimization.
    PERFORMANCE OF CALCIUM ALKYLBENZENESULFONATES WITH DIFFERENT BASE NUMBERS
    2021, 52(9):  52-55. 
    Asbtract ( 233 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    For lubricating oil samples containing calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent with different base numbers (referred to as oil sample), the high temperature detergency, water separation and extreme pressure & anti-wear properties were investigated by means of coke test of internal combustion engine oil, oil-water separation test of marine and four-ball machine test. The results show that with the increase of base number of detergent, the high temperature detergency, water separation property and extreme pressure & anti-wear property of oil samples are improved. Among them, the high temperature detergency and water-oil separation performance of oil samples are greatly affected by the change of detergent from low base number to high base number, but are less affected by the change of detergent from high base number to ultra-high base number. With the increase of base number, the extreme pressure & antiwear property of the oil sample is enhanced. The friction protective film formed by the alkaline components of detergent has a certain extreme pressure & anti-wear properties under low load, while the extreme pressure & anti-wear properties of the friction protective film will weaken or even fail under high load.
    EFFECT OF PIB RAW MATERIALS WITH DIFFERENT MOLECULAR WEIGHTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ASHLESS DISPERSANT
    2021, 52(9):  56-62. 
    Asbtract ( 285 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI), an ashless dispersant for lubricating oil, was prepared by using polyisobutylene (PIB) with different molecular weights as raw materials, reacting with amine, maleic anhydride and diluent under different conditions, and its dispersion and oxidation resistance were tested. The effects on PIBSI properties of PIB with different molecular weights and synthesis process of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) were investigated. The results show that with the increase of the relative molecular weights of PIB, the dispersion and antioxidant properties of PIBSI are improved. Compared with chlorination process, free radical one-step process can not only reduce energy consumption and pollution, but also improve the performance of PIBSI. Among them, PIBSI prepared from PIB raw materials with number average molecular weight of 2 300 by free radical one-step process has the best dispersion performance, and its oil sludge dot dispersion value (SDT) can reach 73.15%.
    SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE ANTIOXIDANT ALKYL DIPHENYLAMINE
    2021, 52(9):  63-68. 
    Asbtract ( 193 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    A high temperature antioxidant alkyl diphenylamine was synthesized in the laboratory. The anti-oxidation performance of the antioxidant in base oil was evaluated by rotating oxygen bomb and PDSC. The anti-oxidation performance of the antioxidant in full formula oil was investigated by HTCBT, TEOST 33C, ROBO, PDSC and heat pipe simulation evaluation methods. The simulation results show that the product has high thermal stability and excellent high temperature sediment inhibition ability in TEOST 33C. The results of Ⅲ H bench test show that the product has excellent performance in viscosity growth control. The ROBO process is consistent with the bench test results to a certain extent, which can be used as a method for screening antioxidants. The results of bench test and simulation test show that the antioxidant has excellent performance and can be used in high-grade lubricating oil products.
    DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN CONDENSATE WATER FROM BLOWDOWN TOWER OF DELAYED COKING UNIT
    2021, 52(9):  69-74. 
    Asbtract ( 151 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The distribution characteristics of organic pollutants in condensate water from blow blowdown tower of delayed coking unit were studied by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). 340 kinds of hydrocarbons, 144 kinds of nitrogenous organic compounds, 69 kinds of organic-sulfur compounds, and 60 kinds of oxygen-containing organic compounds have been identified, which accounted for 60.20%, 11.77%, 15.42% and 8.09%, respectively. Among them, aromatic hydrocarbons (especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as pyrenes, benzanthracenes, naphthalenes and phenanthrenes) account for the largest proportion; nitrogenous organic compounds are mainly aromatic heterocyclic structures (pyridines, quinolines, indoles, carbazoles, pyrimidines, etc.) and aromatic amines; organosulfur compounds are mainly sulfur-containing heterocyclic structures and the sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzothiophenes, benzonaphthothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, phenanthrothiophene, naphthothiophenes, etc.) predominate; and phenols are the main oxygen-containing organic compounds. The organic pollutants (aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogenous aromatic heterocyclic compounds, sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds and phenols) have stable molecular structure, high toxicity and poor biodegradability.
    STUDY OF SELECTION AND MECHANISM OF ADSORBENTS FOR TREATMENT OF PHENOL-CONTAINING WASTEWATER
    2021, 52(9):  75-82. 
    Asbtract ( 195 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Aiming at the problem of the low quality of recovered ammonia water due to the presence of phenol in the sulfur-containing wastewater stripping ammonia unit of SINOPEC Jinling Company, the study on the selection and mechanism of adsorbents for the recovery of phenol by the fixed bed adsorption method was carried out. The adsorption properties of 3A molecular sieves, 13X molecular sieves, γ-Al2O3 and three activated carbons to phenol were investigated. The results showed that γ-Al2O3 and molecular sieves showed poor adsorption performance due to their polarity. Among them, 3A molecular sieves had the worst adsorption performance because the pore size was smaller than the molecular dynamic diameter of phenol, and activated carbon had the best adsorption performance due to its non-polar surface. It is further found that the pore structure, surface properties and surface oxygen content of activated carbon also have a significant impact on the adsorption performance. Food charcoal with uniform pore distribution, small pore size, clear structure and low surface oxygen content has the biggest adsorption capacity. A Yoon-Nelson kinetic model was established, which could well simulate the adsorption and penetration process of phenol in the activated carbon bed, and provides a direction for drawing the phenol adsorption penetration curve in the future.
    MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION IN BED-LINE FLUSHING METHOD OF THE PARA-XYLENE SEPARATION SYSTEM
    2021, 52(9):  83-89. 
    Asbtract ( 259 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The saturated adsorption capacities and equilibrium constants of C8 aromatic isomers were obtained by the static adsorption method. The breakthrough curves of C8 aromatics isomer were plotted by dynamic adsorption experiments. The lumped mass transfer coefficients of C8 aromatics were calculated through curve fitting by Aspen Chromatography. Based on the parameters above, the model of the industrial-scale simulated moving bed for para-xylene separation was constructed. The influences of dead volume, flushing flow rate and flushing liquid composition on the adsorption and separation performance of adsorbent were investigated. Especially, the optimization calculation of the bed-line flushing method was carried out and the preferable flushing set was figured out. The optimized the flushing method was calculated where the desorbent was used as the flushing stream between desorbent and extract ports, the extract stream was used between extract and feed ports, and the feed stream was used between feed and raffinate ports.
    BP NEURAL NETWORK MODELOPTIMIZED BYBEETLE ANTENNAE SEARCH ALGORITHM BASED ON PLS-MI FOR FORECASTING GASOLINE OCTANE NUMBER
    2021, 52(9):  90-97. 
    Asbtract ( 240 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Aiming at the highly nonlinear and redundant characteristics of the characteristic variables in the data set, using an improved long-horned beetle antennae search algorithm (RSBAS) based on combined dimensionality reduction method of partial least square regression (PLS) and mutual information (MI), an optimized BP neural network model (PLS-MI-RSBASBP) was proposed, and applied to predict the octane number of gasoline in S Zorb desulfurization unit.Firstly, the characteristic variables related strongly to gasoline octane number are selected by partial least squares method and mutual information combination algorithm, and then the RSBASBP model is used to predict the gasoline octane number, and compared with the prediction results by BP, GABP, and BASBP network models. The results show that the MAE, MSE, and RMSE of the prediction results by PLS-MI-RSBASBP model are smaller than those by other models,indicating the higher prediction accuracy of the model.Moreover, the PLS-MI-RSBASBP model can be used to determine the characteristic variables that affect the gasoline octane number, which can be effectively controlled and optimized.
    DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF COKE BURNING MODEL FOR LIGHT HYDROCARBON AROMATIZATION CATALYST REGENERATION IN MOVING BED
    2021, 52(9):  98-101. 
    Asbtract ( 174 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to study the coke burning on light hydrocarbon aromatization catalyst in moving bed, a catalyst coke burning model with two stages of oxygen injection and two stages of temperature control was developed. In the model, the catalyst bed is divided into several sections, and different conditions are adopted in each section. The catalyst bed was divided into several annular micro-cells which satisfied the requirement of simulation precision. Based on the experimental macro-kinetic equation of the commercial light hydrocarbon aromatization catalyst, the content and temperature distribution of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the whole bed were obtained based on the mass balance of carbon and hydrogen in the catalyst cell and the balance of combustion and heat transfer in the cell. The measured values in industry were in good agreement with the predicted values of the model, which provided technical support for the further popularization and application of the mobile bed aromatization technology.
    APPLICATION OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY IN JET FUEL FREEZING POINT PREDICTION
    2021, 52(9):  102-105. 
    Asbtract ( 219 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to predict the freezing point of jet fuel rapidly，a method was developed to predict the freezing point of jet fuel (140-240 ℃) based on the gas-chromatogram of crude oil directly. Gas chromatograms of 70 crude oils and freezing point data of 70 jet fuel fractions were collected. The retention time range of jet fuel fraction (140 - 240 ℃) in the gas chromatogram of crude oil was determined by boiling point cutting method. Multiple linear regression and stepwise regression were used to obtain the fitting formula of freezing point of jet fuel and contents of three n-alkanes and two non-n-alkanes in jet fuel fraction (140 ~ 240 ℃) in gas chromatography of crude oil，and the accuracy and repeatability of the above formula were verified. The results showed that the deviation between the predicted and measured freezing point was with in ±1.3 ℃，the repeatability was within ±0.69 ℃,indicating the good accuracy and repeatability of the method.
    SIMULATION AND PREDICTION OF CORROSION RISK UNDER AMMONIUM SALT SCALE IN COLD LOW PRESSURE SEPARATOR OIL PHASE SYSTEM
    2021, 52(9):  106-111. 
    Asbtract ( 250 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to explore the reasons for the corrosion failure and leakage of the high-pressure heat exchanger tube bundles of a hydrogenation unit, the dew point temperature, ammonium chloride crystallization temperature, ammonium chloride deliquescent temperature and relative humidity of the cold low pressure separator oil phase stream were calculated by Aspen Plus process simulation software when the water mass fractions were 1%，2% and 3%. It is found that compared with the empirical dew point temperature prediction method, the method of judging the corrosion risk area under ammonium chloride scale by introducing the deliquescent point and dividing the "wet environment" temperature range is more suitable for actual corrosion cases. The "wet environment" areas are determined as 50-103 ℃, 50-161 ℃ and 50-176 ℃ in the case of 3 kinds of oil phase water content,respectivily. In addition, with the increase of water content in the oil phase, the corrosion area in the "wet environment" will gradually migrate to the high temperature part,and the ammonium chloride salt corrosion is expected to become more severe.
    PROGRESS IN SIDE-CHAIN ALKYLATION OF TOLUENE WITH METHANOL TO STYRENE
    2021, 52(9):  112-120. 
    Asbtract ( 539 )   PDF  
    References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The process of toluene-methanol side-chain alkylation to styrene is simple, and the raw materials are widely available and cheap. It is a significant way for industrial production of styrene. The mechanism and thermodynamics of side chain alkylation of toluene with methanol were introduced, the influence of catalyst properties on the reaction process was analyzed, and the research progress of zeolite and non-zeolite catalysts for the reaction in recent years was reviewed. The analysis shows that the research of side-chain alkylation catalyst for toluene mainly focuses on two aspects: one is the modification of X zeolite catalyst which controls the reaction process of reactants by adjusting the surface acid and base properties of X zeolite;the other is that developing new efficient side chain alkylation catalyst with matching acid-base properties and suitable pore structure is also the main research direction.