Table of Content

12 December 2024, Volume 55 Issue 12

Previous Issue    Next Issue

SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACID FUNCTIONALIZED ANTHRAQUINONE AND ITS PERFORMANCE IN FLOW BATTERY

2024, 55(12):  1-7. 

Asbtract ( 190 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Two anthraquinone derivatives with amino acid functional groups were synthesized by two methods: the amide condensation reaction of carboxyl anthraquinone with amino acids by amide bond or urea bond, and the coupling reaction of halogenated anthraquinone with amine, that is, (4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-2-carbonyl)-glutamic acid (GAAQ) and N, N'-(9,10-anthraquinone- 2,6-dicarboxylic)-di-glycine (GLAQ). The electrochemical properties and single cell cycling performance of two anthraquinone derivatives, GAAQ and GLAQ, and the cycling performance of GLAQ were investigated. Among them, GLAQ was an alkaline flow battery composed of the negative electrode electrolyte active substance and potassium ferrocyanide. Using Nafion as the ion exchange membrane, charge and discharge cycling experiments were conducted at a current density of 200 mA/cm². The results showed when the open circuit voltage was greater than 1 V, the Coulombic efficiency was 92%, the voltage efficiency was higher than 85%, and the energy efficiency was higher than 80%. There was no significant capacity decrease in 200 cycles, which indicated that GLAQ had good application prospects for active substances in flow battery.

STUDY ON MICROMIXING IN MICROCHANNEL REACTOR

2024, 55(12):  8-12. 

Asbtract ( 177 )   PDF  

Related Articles | Metrics

Microchannel reactors are widely used in rapid, strongly exothermic, strongly corrosive and other hazardous reaction processes due to their good mass and heat transfer performances, high safety and mobility. To study the reasons for the enhancement effect of microchannel reactors on the micromixing performance, the influence of Ehrfeld Miprowa microreactor and its internals on micromixing was investigated. The segregation index XS in the Ehrfeld Miprowa microchannel reactor was experimentally determined by using the Villermaux/Dushman parallel competitive reaction system. The influences of the fluid inlet flow rate, concentration of H⁺ and the internal components on XS were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the higher the flow rate was, the better the micromixing performance was. Also the internal components could effectively enhance the micromixing performance of the microchannel reactor.

PREPARATION OF ACETAMIDE MODIFIED 13X ZEOLITE AND ITS PERFORMANCE IN REMOVING 2-CHLOROPENTANE

2024, 55(12):  13-21. 

Asbtract ( 132 )   PDF  

Related Articles | Metrics

To address the issue of low adsorption capacity and high cost associated with solid adsorbent 13X zeolite in removing 2-chloropentane from unpolymerized C5 oil, a series of acetamide modified 13X zeolite adsorbents were prepared by impregnation method to explore its adsorption and removal performance for 2-chloropentane. The mechanism of dechlorination in unpolymerized C5 oil was elucidated by means of low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, temperature programmed desorption of ammonia, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and molecular simulation techniques, and adsorption isotherms and kinetics of 2-chloropentaneon the modified samples were also determined. The results showed that the skeleton structure of the modified 13X zeolite was not destroyed, and the newly introduced carbonyl functional group had a strong hydrogen bond interaction with 2-chloropentane. When the concentration of acetamide impregnation was 0.75 mol/L, the total pore volume, pore size and the total acid content of the modified adsorbent were the largest, and the static adsorption capacity for 2-chloropentane was the highest,which was 107.5 mg/g. At 298 K, the adsorption of 2-chloropentane on the modified sample conforms to Langmuir isotherm adsorption and the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption equilibrium constant K_L is 0.16 L/mg, and the kinetic constant K₂ is 8 058.04 g/(mg.h).

PREPARATION AND CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF TITANIUM SILICON MOLECULAR SIEVE/GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITE MICROSPHERES

2024, 55(12):  22-30. 

Asbtract ( 77 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Titanium-silicon molecular sieve/geopolymer composite microspheres (TS-1@GQ) were prepared by in situ growth method using geopolymer microspheres (GQ) modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) as carriers. The effects of PEI concentration on the catalytic performance of TS-1@GQ were investigated, the optimal TS-1@GQ was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and its catalytic performance for the preparation of 1,2-epoxyhexane from 1-hexene was also evaluated. The results showed that the loading of TS-1 molecular sieves on the surface of TS-1@GQ could reach 11.43% when the PEI concentration was 0.003 mol/L. At the reaction temperature of 25 ℃, when the dosage of TS-1@GQ was 0.02 g, and n(1- hexene): n(H₂O₂) was 1: 1, the conversion rate of 1-hexene could reach 13.19%, and the selectivity of 1,2-epoxyhexane could reach 95.88%. In addition, the catalyst also showed good recyclability.

Cu-Zn-Zr CATALYST FOR HYDROGENATION OF METHYL BENZOATE TO BENZYL ALCOHOL

2024, 55(12):  31-37. 

Asbtract ( 109 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A series of Cu-Zn-Zr catalysts were synthesized by a co-precipitation method, and their catalytic performance for the selective hydrogenation of methyl benzoate to benzyl alcohol was experimentally evaluated. When the molar ratio of Cu/Zn/Zr was controlled at 5/6/4 and calcined at 650 ℃, the catalyst exhibited particularly prominent catalytic performance. In order to optimize the reaction conditions of methyl benzoate hydrogenation to benzyl alcohol, the effects of reaction temperature, reaction pressure and reaction time on the reaction performance were investigated in a high-pressure stirred tank. The results revealed that the conversion rate of methyl benzoate reached 88.1% and the selectivity for benzyl alcohol reached 95.21% at the conditions of a reaction temperature of 160 ℃, a pressure of 7 MPa and a reaction time of 10 h. The catalysts were characterized by N₂-adsorption/desorption, XRD, H₂-TPR, NH₃-TPD, XPS and TEM, it was found that the introduction of Zr element significantly enhanced the selectivity for benzyl alcohol, and the high dispersion of metal copper nanoparticles beneficial to the activity and stability of the catalyst. The weak acidity of the catalyst surface favored the enhancement of catalytic activity. The synergy of these factors has led to the excellent performance of the catalysts in the methyl benzoate ethanol reaction.

PASSIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF TRUE SULFIDED HYDROTREATING CATALYST AND ITS COMMERCIAL APPLICATION

2024, 55(12):  38-45. 

Asbtract ( 133 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In view of the problem that the true sulfided hydrotreating catalyst is easy to self-heating in air environment, the passivation technology of the true sulfided hydrotreating catalyst was developed, and the enhancement effect of the passivation treatment on the antioxidant capacity of the true sulfided hydrotreating catalyst was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, sulfur content analysis, microscopic image analysis and self-heating analysis were used to characterize the true sulfided hydrotreating catalyst samples before and after passivation treatment. The results showed that the passivation treatment could form a dense organic film on the outer surface of the catalyst, effectively blocking the contact between oxygen and the active metal on the catalyst,the oxidation resistance of the true sulfided hydrotreating catalystwas significantly enhanced, and the passivation treatment did not affect the activity of the catalyst. The first application of true sulfided hydrotreating catalyst produced after passivation treatment has been completed, which facilitates the catalyst loading and start-up process of industrial plants. At the same time, the safety of the use of the true sulfided catalyst is improved.

OPERATION ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF p-XYLENE ADSORPTION SEPARATION UNIT AFTER AGENT CHANGE

2024, 55(12):  46-52. 

Asbtract ( 72 )   PDF  

Related Articles | Metrics

After the original adsorbent in the 600 kt/ap-xylene adsorption and separation unit was replaced with adsorbent RAX-4000, the purity of p-xylene product couldnot reach 99.8%, the impurity contentof m-xylene and o-xylene was high,and the single-pass yield was only about 96%, which did not meet the expected goal. Compared with the initial process parameters of the original adsorbent,the operation of the adsorption column was analyzed by using the pump-fed semi-logarithmic coordinate spectrum,and the reasons of high impurity contentof m-xylene and o-xylene in adsorbent performance, adsorbent raw material impurity content, adsorbent water injection volume, and the adsorption column system, etc.were judged tobe the leakage of the rotary valve. After taking optimization measures, the yield of para-xylene increased from 96% to 96.63%, an increase of 0.63 percentage point, which effectively improved the operation level of the plant.

PREPARATION OF CaMgxOx+1 CATALYST BY TEMPLATE METHOD

2024, 55(12):  53-58. 

Asbtract ( 118 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Using poplar sawdust as a template, CaMg_xO_x+1 catalyst was obtained by impregnating aspen sawdust with a mixed aqueous solution of calcium and magnesium acetate, drying and calcination, and then used in the transesterification of castor oil and methanol, and the catalyst activity was evaluated based on the conversion rate of castor oil. The influence of catalyst preparation conditions on the activity of the catalyst was investigated by single factor experiments. The optimal conditions for preparing CaMg_xO_x+1 catalyst were as follows:a Ca/Mg molar ratio of 1:5, a calcination temperature of 900 ℃ and a calcination time of 7 h. The catalysts and their precursors were analyzed by thermogravimetric (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the mass of the catalyst precursor decreased with the increase of the calcination temperature over 700 ℃, while the mass of catalyst precursor hardly changed with temperature when the temperature exceeded 900 ℃. The CaMg_xO_x+1 catalyst basically retained the crystal structure of the template poplar sawdust, with a large amount of amorphous or microcrystalline substances such as MgO, CaO or their complexes, and a small amount of crystalline substances such as MgO.

COMMEICIAL APPLICATION OF CRUDE CRACKING PYROLYSIS PROCESS

2024, 55(12):  59-65. 

Asbtract ( 154 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Improving energy efficiency and reducing CO₂  emission are the keys to promote the high-quality development of petrochemical industry. Crude-to-chemical has been highly valued in the transformation of refining and chemical structure, which has promoted revolutionary. Crude cracking pyrolysis process (CCPP) is a crude-to-chemical technology. Based on the difference of catalytic cracking reaction characteristics between light and heavy fractions in crude oil, a multi-zone coupling reaction process and a specialized catalyst for CCPP were developed, and the crude oil pretreatment column and maximum catalytic propylene (MCP) unit were reformed. Industrial trial of CCPP technology was carried out in Yangzhou Petrochemical Company. The results showed that the chemical yield of crude oil from Jiangsu oilfield processed by CCPP technology was as high as 50.99%, the production cost of ethylene/propylene could be reduced by 46.4%, and the CO₂ emission could be reduced by 30.7%.

EXPLORATION AND INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE OF PRODUCING HIGH-PRESSURE CANNED-MOTOR PUMP SEALING OIL BY DIRECT COAL LIQUEFACTION

2024, 55(12):  66-71. 

Asbtract ( 70 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The research and industrial practice of producing high-pressure canned-motor pump sealing oil with heavy vacuum gas oil and hydrogenation stable high temperature solvent as base oil in direct coal liquefaction process were introduced. The feasibility of using light and heavy oil products from coal liquefaction, and high and medium temperature solvents from hydrogenation stabilization devices as sealing oil base oil was compared respectively. The second line oil and high-temperature solvent at the side of coal liquefaction vacuum column were used as base oil. By optimizing the coal liquefaction process, high-pressure canned-motor pump sealing oil products that meet quality requirements could be produced by blending depressurized heavy gas oil and high-temperature solvent oil in a mass ratio of 1:1.93 and 1:1.50, respectively. Based on the use of 2 600 tons of sealing oil per production cycle in the coal direct liquefaction unit, using self-produced sealing oil instead of purchased sealing oil can save about 24.44 million yuan per year, indicating significant economic benefits of using self-produced sealing oil for the high-pressure canned-motor pump in the coal liquefaction unit.

ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM IN OPERATION OF COMPLEX IRON DESULFURIZATION(CTS ) PROCESS AND IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

2024, 55(12):  72-76. 

Asbtract ( 112 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The technology of complex iron desulfurization (CTS) applied in the tail gas upgrading unit of the sulfur recovery joint plant of Petrochina Sichuan Petrochemical Co., Ltd. was introduced. This paper expounded the improvement measures forthe problems that affected the operation cycle,safety and environmental protection of the plant were described, including the use of high efficiency desulfurization solvent, CTS reactor upgrading, replacement of CTS unit circulating solution additives, filter cloth optimization and technological transformation of sulfur-containing tail gas. Through the implementation of the above improvement measures, the mass concentration of H₂S entering the reactor was significantly reduced, the number of breakthrough times of sulfur accumulation in the reactor was significantly reduced, the quality of the circulating solution was significantly improved, the amount of sulfur powder filtered out of the filter increased by 3 times as compared with that before modification, and the exhaust gas achieved long-term ultra-low emission standard. After the implementation of the above improvement measures, the problems in the operation of the CTS unit were completely solved, the key parameters of the device were stable, the total sulfur recovery rate was significantly increased, and the sulfur device was safe and environmentally friendly for a long period of operation, which could be used as a reference for the technical transformation of similar devices.

SCHEME COMPARISON OF DEOLEFIN STRIPPING COLUMN IN CONTINUOUS CATALYTIC REFORMING UNIT

2024, 55(12):  77-80. 

Asbtract ( 120 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A petrochemical company has a set of 800 kt/a continuous catalytic reforming unit that uses industrial granular clay to remove trace olefin, but now a new set of 1 000 kt/a continuous catalytic reforming unit will be built to adopt hydrodeolefin technology. In order to combine the fractionation parts of the two reforming units and to maximize the utilization of existing equipment, the hydrodeolefin reactor shall be located prior to the removing C₆ column, as opposed to the conventional process located prior to the depentane column, therefore, it is necessary to set up a stripping column for the removal of olefin. Aspen Plus process simulation software was used to simulate whether to set up the stripping column for removing olefin, and the comparison was made from the aspects of energy consumption, one-time investment and operating cost. The simulation results indicated that adopting the process of the deolefin stripping column could avoid material emptying loss caused by canceling the process. Based on investment, cost and revenue calculations, after adopting the process of the olefin stripping column, the annual average operating revenue was much greater than the cost, and the cost could be recovered less than half a year after this part of the process was completed and put into operation. The project is expected to be good benefit.

TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL RECOVERY FROM HPPO WASTEWATER

2024, 55(12):  81-87. 

Asbtract ( 104 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The waste water from hydrogene peroxide propylene oxide (HPPO) process has the characteristics of large total emission, high COD, high salt content and poor biodegradability. The recovery of propylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol from HPPO wastewater was carried out by the combination of multi-stage differential pressure thermal coupling distillation technology, environment friendly recyclable azeotrope distillation technology and mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) heat pump distillation technology. The total recovery rate of high value-added products in HPPO wastewater was more than 95%, the utilization rate of propylene was increased by 3-5 percentage points, and the desalination rate was close to 100%. After the recovery of propylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol, the difficulty of wastewater treatment was greatly reduced. Under the background of energy-saving and emission-reducing, cost-reducing and efficiency-increasing in the chemical industry, it has remarkable economic and social benefits.

ANALYSIS OF HAZARDOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL DESORPTION RESIDUES FROM PETROCHEMICAL SLUDGE AND RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF RESOURCE UTILIZATION

2024, 55(12):  88-95. 

Asbtract ( 71 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Thermal desorption method has been widely used in the field of oil sludge disposal, but the hazardous characteristics of the residue after treatment are still unclear, which restricts the development of its resource utilization methods. Taking the thermal desorption residue of oil sludge produced by sewage treatment of a petrochemical company in Xinjiang as the research object, a total of 117 substances including inorganic elements, semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds, and organic compounds were measured. The hazardous characteristics and resource utilization environmental risks of petrochemical sludge thermal desorption residues were systematically analyzed by comparing soil-related pollution control standards. The results showed that the corrosiveness, flammability, reactivity and toxic substances of the petrochemical sludge thermal desorption residue did not exceed the limits of the series of standards for hazardous waste identification (GB5085—2007), so it was not dangerous waste characteristics. The potential pollution risks of copper, antimony, nickel, cyanide, cadmium, benzene, petroleum hydrocarbons and N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine to agricultural soil should be prevented during the recycling of the residue. The results can be used as reference for resource recycling route selection and pollution prevention and control of thermal desorption residues from petrochemical sludge.

CAUSE ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF WASTEWATER QUALITY EXCEEDING STANDARD IN FCCU FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION AND DENITRIFICATION

2024, 55(12):  96-102. 

Asbtract ( 92 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Aiming at the problem of excessive total phosphorus(TP) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification effluent from a refining and catalytic cracking unit (FCCU), the abnormal situation was analyzed by mathematical statistics, a series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of different flocculants on TP removal, and the optimal ratio was determined to adjust the formulation of flocculants. According to the operation process of the unit, the influences of the filter module, the flow rate of the effluent, the dosage and concentration of the flocculant, the rotating speed of the stirring motor, the bulging filter, the ventilation rate of the oxidation tank and the properties of raw oil on the COD of the effluent were investigated. The results showed that polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) had a good removal effect on fresh agent, regenerant and waste agent in catalytic unit, with TP removal rates ranging from 65.2% to 100%. In addition, the COD in the effluent could meet the requirements of environmental protection by increasing the flow rate of effluent, resetting the corresponding process parameters, adjusting the dosage and concentration of flocculant, ensuring sufficient ventilation in the oxidation tank and adjusting the reaction depth to reduce the sulphur content.

ANALYSIS OF CARBON EMISSION AND MEASURES OF CARBON REDUCTION ON WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN REFINING AND CHEMICAL ENTERPRISES

2024, 55(12):  103-108. 

Asbtract ( 75 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Wastewater treatment units are important environmental protection facilities for refining enterprises. With the introduction of the “dual carbon” target and related policies, carbon reduction and emission reduction are imperative. Wastewater treatment in a petrochemical company has N₂O direct carbon emission, CH₄ direct carbon emission, fossil fuel combustion direct emission, electricity consumption carbon emission, and material consumption carbon emission. The results of calculation showed that the carbon emission intensity of wastewater treatment in a refining enterprise from fuel gas consumption, material consumption and electricity consumption was 0.899, 0.498 and 0.364 kg/m³, respectively. By adopting measures such as optimizing equipment operation, strengthening water quality control, formulating internal controls and strengthening management, the carbon emission intensity of wastewater treatment was effectively reduced. In 2023, the carbon emission intensity of wastewater treatment in the refining enterprise was 1.103 kg/m³, compared with 2022, it has decreased by 38.65%, and the effect of carbon reduction and emission reduction was obvious. The relevant measures and operating experience are worthy of reference for similar enterprises.

EFFECT OF LUBRICANT ADDITIVES ON GEAR MICRO-PITTING

2024, 55(12):  109-118. 

Asbtract ( 126 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

A new method was developed to identify and evaluate the micro-pitting corrosion of gears by mini-traction machine (MTM), focused ion beam (FIB), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). It was found that friction-reduction and anti-wear properties of additives were the key factors affecting micro-pitting resistance. In the MTM test, there was an area where micro-pitting was easy to occur with friction track width of no greater than 400 μm and friction coefficient of no less than 0.097. The development of additives and formulations should avoid this area and comprehensively balance friction-reduction and anti-wear properties. The better the anti-wear property of the friction film formed by the additive, the narrower the friction track of MTM, the more concentrated the stress, and the easier to produce the micro-pitting corrosion in the MTM test. The anti-micro-pitting performance can be improved by adding additives which can reduce the friction coefficient of the system.

THE EFFECTS OF DIESEL ADDITIVES AND OXYGEN-CONTAINING COMPONENT ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE IN SIMULATED PLATEAU ENVIRONMENT

2024, 55(12):  119-126. 

Asbtract ( 62 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of the addition of ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) and polyoxyethylene dimethyl ether (DMMn) on the performance of a single cylinder diesel engine were investigated by adjusting the intake pressure to simulate the plateau environment at different altitude. The effects of altitude, EHN, DMMN and their combination on engine output power, fuel economy and combustion characteristics were compared and analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of altitude, the excess air coefficient decreased, which led to the increase of exhaust temperature, the decrease of maximum output power and the deterioration of fuel economy due to the decrease of combustion pressure in the cylinder. The addition of DMMn could effectively increase the excess air coefficient, thereby reducing the exhaust temperature, reducing the heat load of the engine, and also improving the thermal efficiency and fuel energy utilization. The combination of EHN and DMMn could further reduce the exhaust temperature and improve the thermal efficiency. Through fuel quantity compensation, the output power of the engine could be effectively recovered at the same exhaust temperature, which was about 1.45% higher than the reference fuel at different altitudes.

PREPARATION OF POLYISOBUTYLENE PHENOL MANNICH BASE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT AND ITS EFFECT ON DIESEL THERMAL EFFICIENCY AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS

2024, 55(12):  127-135. 

Asbtract ( 104 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to improve the performance of diesel fuel, polyisobutylene phenol Mannich base quaternary ammonium salt (HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS) was prepared, and its effects on diesel thermal efficiency and emission characteristics were studied. Firstly, polyisobutylene phenol (HRPIBP) was synthesized by the reaction of highly reactive polyisobutylene (HRPIB) with phenol, and then reacted with formaldehyde and N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine (DMPA) to prepare polyisobutylene phenol Mannich base (HRPIBP-DMPA). Finally HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS was prepared by reaction of HRPIBP-DMPA with 1-bromobutane. The synthesis conditions of HRPIBP and HRPIBP-DMPA were optimized. The optimum conditions of HRPIBP covered a reaction time of 4 h, a reaction temperature of 100 ℃, a molar ratio of boron trifluoride etherate to HRPIB equaling to 0.4 and a molar ratio of phenol to HRPIB equaling to 2. The optimum conditions of HRPIBP-DMPA covered a eaction time of 16 h, a reaction temperature of 110 ℃, and a molar ratio of HRPIBP, formaldehyde and DMPA equaling to 1.0:3.0:2.5. The evaluation results of engine bench test with diesel fuel samples containing HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS showed that the HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS addition of 1 500 mg/L could improve the effective thermal efficiency of diesel fuel and reduce the emission of NO_x, soot and CO. Compared with blank diesel fuel, the maximum reduction rate of NO_x and soot was 27.4% and 28.6%, respectively, which indicated that HRPIBP-DMPA-QAS had good application prospects.

APPLICATION OF FAST ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE FOR DETAILED HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION OF JET FUEL BASED ON GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY

2024, 55(12):  136-140. 

Asbtract ( 78 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In view of the problems of non-automation, long analysis time, complicated steps and poor precision in the determination of hydrocarbon composition of jet fuels, a rapid analysis technology for detailed hydrocarbon composition of jet fuel based on the combination of gas chromatography(GC) pre-separation and mass spectrometry(MS) was designed and implemented, and formed by the analysis method, analysis system and analysis platform composed of the whole process solution. The results of field application in an oil refinery showed that the results of detailed hydrocarbon composition analysis of jet fuel were in good agreement with those of existing standard methods. The results of the implemented technique scheme on different models of GC-MS were good consistency. The rapid analysis technique for detailed hydrocarbon composition of jet fuel could determine the content of 13 species of detailed hydrocarbons (including olefins) in jet fuel within 9 min, and the analysis process was automatic and green. The advantage of technical economic is remarkable.

OPTIMIZATION OF DEHYDRATION COLUMN IN FURFURAL REFINING UNIT BY THERMAL COUPLED VARIABLE PRESSURE STRIPPING PROCESS BASED ON Aspen Plus

2024, 55(12):  141-146. 

Asbtract ( 124 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The dehydration column of furfural refining unit generally adopts single-column stripping process. Because of the low temperature and pressure at the top of the dehydration column, the heat of the gas overhead can not be recovered well by conventional technology. Based on the NRTL thermodynamic model, Aspen Plus software was used to simulate the dehydration column system, and the feasibility of adopting the thermal-coupling variable pressure swing stripping process was determined according to the change of azeotropic temperature. Comparing and analyzing the conventional steam stripping process and the thermal-coupled pressure swing steam stripping process, taking the annual total cost (CTA) as the evaluation index, and considering the reduction of the initial investment, the parameters such as the number of trays and the operating pressure of the low-pressure column and high-pressure column were optimized. The theoretical trays of the low-pressure column were recommended to be set to 4, the theoretical trays the high-pressure column were set to 8, and the operating pressure of the high-pressure column should be between 230 and 305 kPa. Compared with the conventional single-column stripping process, the total cost of equipment in the thermal coupling pressure swing stripping process is increased by 32.1%, the annual operating cost is decreased by 28.1%, and the CTA is decreased by 22.9%. The thermal coupling pressure swing stripping process has significant economic advantages.

RESEARCH PROGRESS IN ACTIVE PHASE STRUCTURE CONTROL OF RESIDUE HYDRODESULFURIZATION CATALYST

2024, 55(12):  147-154. 

Asbtract ( 175 )   PDF  

Related Articles | Metrics

The combination technology of fixed-bed residue hydrogenation-catalytic cracking (deep catalytic cracking) is an important technology for refineries to realize low-cost chemical transformation. Improving the activity and stability of residue hydrodesulfurization catalyst can not only effectively improve the chemicals yield of the downstream catalytic cracking unit, but also help to prolong the operation cycle of the residue hydrodesulfurization unit, and then make the operation and maintenance cycle more matching for the two sets of units. It is always a difficult problem to design the active phase structure with both activity and stability of residue hydrodesulfurization catalysts. Starting with the catalyst preparation process, the effect of the important steps in the preparation process on the structure of active phase was systematically introduced, the regulation mechanism of the active phase structure was summarized, and the method of accurate design of active phase structure of the catalyst with both active and stability from atomic level was pointed out.

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON PYROLYSIS TREATMENT OF WIND TURBINE WASTE BLADES AND UTILIZATION OF PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS

2024, 55(12):  155-162. 

Asbtract ( 211 )   PDF  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The environmental pollution and resource wastage caused by the waste blades of wind turbines are becoming increasingly severe. How to make use of the waste blades efficiently is a critical bottleneck and a major challenge in the development of the wind power industry. The technology of pyrolysis recovery is relatively mature, and it is the primary method for the resource utilization of waste blades. Based on the material composition of waste blades, the pyrolysis mechanism of waste blades and the resource utilization of pyrolysis products such as pyrolysis oil, glass fibers and carbon fibers were reviewed, and some suggestions were put forward to solve the problems in the utilization of pyrolysis products.