Table of Content

12 January 2025, Volume 56 Issue 1

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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF IMPURITY DETECTION TECHNOLOGIES OF HYDROGEN FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS

2025, 56(1):  1-10. 

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Hydrogen energy, which is clean and sustainable, is becoming an important part of the future energy systems around the world. Hydrogen energy is also an important technological pathway for achieving global decarbonizaton. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most important technical ways for hydrogen energy utilization. Ensuring hydrogen quality is a key factor in the long-term efficient and safe operation of PEMFC. The key to hydrogen quality is the control of impurities in hydrogen. The paper summarizes the requirements of PEMFC for hydrogen quality, introduces the overview of hydrogen detection technology and standards used in PEMFC at home and abroad, and the research progress of SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd.(RIPP) in PEMFC hydrogen impurity detection technology. The pre-concentration coupled GC/SCD/MS scheme developed by RIPP enables simultaneous determination of sulfur-containing compounds, formaldehyde, and organic chlorides in hydrogen gas through a single injection. The detection limits for H2S, formaldehyde, and CH3Cl are 0.01 nmol/mol, 0.1 nmol/mol, and 0.5 nmol/mol, respectively. The proposed GC/TCD/FID scheme can quickly determine He, Ar, N2 and hydrocarbon compounds in hydrogen. The proposed GC-PDHID method for CO2 and CO in hydrogen contains a multi-valves multi-columns system to effectively solve the problem of background interference, with a low detection limit of 50 nmol/mol. Determination of trace ammonia in hydrogen for PEMFC by cavity ring-down spectroscopy was proposed which detection limit was 1.8 nmol/mol. Based on research analytical methods, a series of group and national standards for impurities detection in PEMFC hydrogen had been developed. The methods had been used in impurities tracing source in different hydrogen production processes. A hydrogen energy testing laboratory was established which had been applied in hydrogen quality monitoring for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ORGANIC REDOX FLOW BATTERY AND PROSPECT OF ITS APPLICATION IN ENERGY FIELD

2025, 56(1):  11-23. 

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As global demand for clean energy grows, energy storage technology becomes crucial for the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources. Organic redox flow batteries (ORFBs) have emerged as a promising solution due to their unique safety and environmental benefits. In contrast to conventional lithium-ion batteries, ORFBs utilize aqueous electrolytes, eliminating the production of harmful substances and significantly reducing risks to human health. A comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles, key components, current research advancements, and potential applications of ORFB technology is provided. Through an in-depth analysis, the critical role of ORFBs in facilitating energy transition and promoting sustainable development is demonstrated. By reviewing the latest research trends,the future prospects and direction for the evolution of energy storage technologies are proposed.

APPLICATION OF VIDEO MONITORING AND RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLIGENT INSPECTION ROBOT IN PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY

2025, 56(1):  24-29. 

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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, it has become a significant force driving innovation across various industries, bringing unprecedented development opportunities to the petrochemical industry. This article aims to delve into the application of artificial intelligence technology in the petrochemical industry, focusing particularly on video monitoring and recognition technology as well as intelligent inspection robot technology. Through intelligent monitoring, real-time control of the production operation status can be achieved, potential risks can be identified promptly, and production safety can be ensured. Intelligent inspection robot can replace manual inspection, reduce labor cost, improve inspection efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of equipment.

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON DIFFUSION AND REACTION IN GAS-SOLID MULTIPHASE CATALYST

2025, 56(1):  30-39. 

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The reaction and transport usually coexist in chemical processes. Gas-solid multiphase catalysts generally have complex multi-level pore structures, and their catalytic performance depends on the coupling of reaction and transport within their pores. Revealing the coupling of reaction and transport and obtaining the reaction kinetics at the particle scale of catalysts have important scientific research significance and industrial application value for the optimization design and preparation of new catalysts. This paper reviews the latestresearchprogressonthe reaction and transport in the pores of gas-solid multiphase catalysts, and the mechanism of reaction transport coupling. The focus will be on the different models and methods in simulation research and their applications in catalytic reactions.It is pointed out that combining artificial intelligence methods such as machine learning with multi-scale simulation will become a powerful tool for studying complex catalytic reaction systems.

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF A SLOW-RELEASE ANTIBACTERIAL ε-PL/PA6 COMPOSITE MATERIAL

2025, 56(1):  40-48. 

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A series of polylysine/nylon-6（ε-PL/PA6）composites with varying ε-PL content were prepared using a solution blending method with nylon-6 (PA6) and polylysine (ε-PL) as raw materials. The structure and properties of the ε-PL/PA6 composites were systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that when the mass fraction of ε-PL was 15%, ε-PL was most uniformly dispersed in PA6. The ε-PL/PA6 composite did not affect the crystalline form of PA6, but it increased the crystallization temperature and decreased the melting point. In the compression-molded ε-PL/PA6 composite samples, ε-PL could be continuously and slowly released in water, and the slow-release process followed the logistic model. The ε-PL/PA6 composites with an ε-PL mass fraction of 10%―20% exhibited excellent dissolution antibacterial properties and surface antibacterial properties, with surface antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus both exceeding 99.99%. These composites are novel antibacterial composite polymer materials that possess both surface antibacterial and slow-release antibacterial functions.

THE INFLUENCE OF MOLECULAR STURCTURE OF SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS IN PETROLEUM ON THEIR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

2025, 56(1):  49-55. 

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The basic physical properties of hydrocarbon molecules are essential data for refining process development, catalyst research, process simulation and control optimization. Through construction of the database for sulfur-containing compounds in petroleum, the influence of molecular structure of sulfur-containing compound on its basic physical properties and the correlation between them were investigated systematically. The results show that the density, boiling point and refractive index of sulfur-containing compounds are higher than that of the hydrocarbons with similar molecular skeleton structures. The basic physical properties are quite different for varied structure types of sulfur-containing compounds. With the increase of cyclic structure in the sulfur molecule, its density, boiling point and refractive index increase. For the same type of sulfur-containing compounds and isomers, their basic physical properties are further affected by the carbon number of alkyl group, the degree of isomerization, and even the position of sulfur atoms in the molecular structure. Specifically, with the increase of alkyl carbon number, both the density and refractive index increase for sulfides or thiols, while they decrease for cyclic sulfur-containing compounds. The boiling points of acyclic and cyclic sulfur-containing compounds all increase with the increase of alkyl carbon number in the molecule. Moreover, these alkyl and cyclic sulfur-containing compounds have a convergence in the properties with the alkyl carbon increased to some extent. In addition, it was observed that the isomerization of alkyl group and the position of sulfur atom have great influence on the boiling point, but they haveless effect on the density and refractive index. For sulfur isomers, the boiling points decrease with increasing isomerization in their alkyl group. Besides, the isomers with sulfur atom at the external site have relatively higher boiling points.

INTERACTION AND INTERFACIAL BEHAVIORS OF THE MIXED SYSTEM OF SOPHROLIPIDS WITH HIGH INTERFACIAL ACTIVITY SURFACTANTS

2025, 56(1):  56-65. 

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The intermolecular interactions and interfacial behaviours of the bio-based surfactant sophrolipid (SL) and three high interfacial activity surfactants (SA) with different alkyl chain lengths, dodecyl, tetradecyl and hexadecyl(C₁₂,C₁₄,C₁₆), in a mixed system were investigated from the aspects of surface tension, oil/water interfacial tension, contact angle and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The results showed that the intermolecular synergistic interactions of the mixed SL/SA systems were gradually enhanced with the increase of the alkyl chain length of the SA. The mixed SL/C₁₆SA systems can effectively reduce the oil/water interfacial tension between the system and the victorious thick oil when mixed with sophrolipid. With the increase of the molar fraction of C₁₆SA (X_C16SA), the turbidity of the mixed system was gradually reduced, the particle size of the aggregates formed by the surfactant in the water was gradually reduced, the wetting and inversion ability of the system on the oily surface was enhanced, and the penetration rate of the system on the porous oily substrate was faster. When X_C16SA>0.2 for the SL/C₁₆SA hybrid system,the micelle surface charge density decreases,the absolute value of the zeta potential decreases,and the size of the particles formed by deposition gradually increases, and when X_C16SA> 0.7, the SL/C₁₆SA hybrid system had the better interfacial activity, which can be used for oil field exploitation.

SIMULATION CALCULATION OF THE ADSORPTION OF TYPICAL BASIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS IN DIESEL BY ANATASE TiO₂

2025, 56(1):  66-75. 

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In order to explore the adsorption behavior and adsorption selectivity of basic nitrogen compounds pyridine, aniline, quinoline and hydrocarbons toluene, benzene, cyclohexane, hexane on the anatase TiO2(a-TiO2), the adsorption configurations, adsorption energy, Mulliken charge transfer, differential charge density, and density of states of pyridine, aniline and quinoline on the a-TiO2(101) surface has been investigated by simulation method. The results showed that the adsorption energies of pyridine, aniline and quinoline on the a-TiO2(101) surface are -188.59, -100.99, -201.63 kJ/mol, respectively, and the three nitrogen compounds can be stably adsorbed on the a-TiO2(101) surface, the adsorption stability followed the order of quinoline> pyridine > aniline. All of them transfer a certain amount of electrons to the a-TiO2(101) surface to form nitride→a-TiO2(101), Pyridine and quinoline can form N-Ti chemical bonds when adsorbed on the a-TiO2(101) surface, and hydrogen bonds are formed by the amino H of aniline and O of the a-TiO2(101) surface.The adsorption energies of toluene, benzene, cyclohexane, hexane on the a-TiO2(101) surface are similar and all of them are weaker than those of basic nitrogen. a-TiO2 can selectively removes basic nitrogen from diesel. The experiments on the adsorption of basic nitrogen by a-TiO2 showed that a-TiO2 had a good adsorption and removal effect on basic nitrogen.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF A RADIAL BED REACTOR FOR C₈ AROMATICS ISOMERIZATION

2025, 56(1):  76-85. 

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In order to research the distribution and reaction performance of the internal flow field of C₈ aromatics heterogeneous radial bed, a simulation model for a radial bed reactor based on C₈ aromatics isomerization process was developed. The model incorporates porous media and reaction kinetics equations to simulate the flow field and reaction processes within the reactor. The results indicate that within the catalyst bed, the pressure decreases along the axial direction, while the velocity follows a distribution pattern with higher values at the ends and lower values in the middle. In the radial direction, the pressure drop in the fluid flow is relatively low. The quality score of the reaction product (PX) gradually increases from the exit of the scallop to the central pipe, and the law changes on different axial height beds.The simulated mass fractions of individual components are in good agreement with the actual data, demonstrating that the developed reactor model can accurately describe the performance of the radial bed reactor for C₈ aromatics isomerization.

STUDY ON INFLUENCING FACTORS DURING CONTINUOUS HYDROGEN DISCHARGE OF HIGH-PRESSURE CYLINDERS

2025, 56(1):  86-91. 

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The effects of different initial temperature, time, method and residual pressure on the minimum temperature during continuous slow hydrogenation discharge were investigated by establishing a numerical model of high-pressure gas cylinder. The results showed that temperature control is the key point of continuous hydrogenation discharge process, and the minimum temperature in the gas cylinder can be effectively controlled by appropriately increasing the initial temperature and the time of hydrogenation discharge. Compared with the first slow then fast and the stage method of hydrogenation discharge, the first fast then slow and linear method should be preferred in the hydrogenation discharge process, and these two methods have achieved good results in the minimum temperature and the control of hydrogen flow in the gas cylinder. Increasing the residual pressure of hydrogenation discharge can also increase the minimum temperature in the gas cylinderat the end of hydrogenation discharge, but reduce the quality of hydrogenation discharge to a certain extent. It is not recommended to set the residual pressure of hydrogenation discharge too high except for special requirements or scenarios.

VISUALIZATION STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF CATALYST AGGREGATION STATE ON DEEP CATALYTIC CRACKING REACTIONS

2025, 56(1):  92-98. 

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A set of in-situ microreaction visualization research systems for deep catalytic cracking has been established to address the phenomenon of catalyst particle agglomeration in the riser reactor of fluid catalytic cracking. Using a high-temperature stage microscope, the influence of catalyst arrangement on the product distribution of isobutene catalytic cracking reactions under different reaction temperatures, feed rates, and catalyst particle sizes were examined. The study indicates that increasing the reaction temperature or the feed rate of reaction can mitigate the effects of catalyst agglomeration on the conversion. The influence of the particle size of the catalyst on the deep catalytic cracking reaction is related to agglomeration of catalyst and zeolite types, affecting the contact between the feedstock and the catalyst, as well as the diffusion of products, thereby influencing the reaction outcomes.

LONG-TERM OPERATION DISCUSSION OF DEPROPANIZER SYSTEM IN ETHYLENE PLANT

2025, 56(1):  99-106. 

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The depropanizer system is one of the important process units in ethylene plants, usually composed of dual towers of high-pressure and low-pressure. The operation of the system directly affects the product specifications and the long-term safe and stable operation of the unit. This article analyzes the problems encountered during the long-term operation of the depropanizer system in domestic ethylene plants, and proposes measures to reduce the bottom temperature of high-pressure and low-pressure depropanizing towers through process optimization. At the same time, some suggestions are also provided for the long-term operation of the system. This has certain guiding significance for the process design and actual operation of the depropanizer system in the separation unit of the ethylene plant.

PRACTICE AND DISCUSSION ON OIL REFINING TRANSFORMATION AND UPGRADING BASED ON OPTIMIZATION OF HEAVY OIL PROCESSING ROUTES

2025, 56(1):  107-116. 

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Taking the integrated enterprise with the small refining capacity and large ethylene capacity as an example, starting from the overall refining process, the main reasons for poorrefining profitability arelack of optimization of heavy oil processing route, low processing capacity of catalytic reforming and catalytic cracking units, high processing capacity of coking unit, and high cost of hydrogen production from natural gas. A two-step approach for oil refining transformation and upgrading is proposed, and the effectiveness and shortcomings of residue catalytic cracking in refinery transformation and upgrading are discussed. On this basis, using the whole process model of refining and ethylene plants,the necessity is discussed to construct a medium pressure hydrogenation and upgrading unit for straight run dieseland a continuous catalytic reforming unit, and a comparison is made between the construction of a solvent deasphalting unit and a fixed bed heavy oil hydrogenation unit, so as to provide ideas and directions for the further development of enterprises.

STUDY ON THE PRODUCTION OF POWER CLASS CATHODE COKE IN CONVENTIONAL DELAYED COKING UNIT

2025, 56(1):  117-122. 

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With the high-speed growth of anode material industry, its demand for petroleum coke raw materials was getting bigger and bigger, and it was an effective way to improve quality and increase efficiency if traditional refineries can make use of the existing delayed coking unit to produce coke raw materials that meet the requirements of anode materials. Power batteries require anode materials to achieve high gram capacity, high multiplicity and other properties, and accordingly require anode material coke raw materials to have a high proportion of fiber structure and regional structure, which was closely related to the formation and growth of carbonaceous mesophase in the coking process. To produce power-class anode coke in ordinary delayed coking units, it was necessary to finding ways to improve both raw materials and process conditions, such as doping catalytic slurry, adopting low reaction temperature, high coking pressure, large cycle ratio, and long coke-growing time operation, and to meet the challenges of upstream and downstream convergence, comprehensive evaluation of processing efficiency, plant-wide material balance, and maintenance of stable petroleum coke quality.

CAUSES ANALYSIS OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL LOSS IN NATURAL GAS DEHYDRATION PROCESS AND COUNTERMEASURES

2025, 56(1):  123-130. 

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Ethylene glycol is a common hydrate inhibitor in oil and gas field stations, playing a crucial role in the purification of natural gas. However, the consumption of ethylene glycol can result in significant economic losses. Therefore, finding the methods to reduce ethylene glycol consumption is of paramount importance. Employing a hypothesis-verification-conclusion analytical approach, the causes of ethylene glycol loss are analyzed, considering gas-phase losses, liquid-phase losses, and regeneration losses in conjunction with the process flow. A set of formulas for calculating the liquid levels in alcohol-hydrocarbon liquid three-phase separators and rich liquid buffer tanks is proposed, enabling the quantification of the optimal liquid levels for effectively reducing liquid-phase separation losses. Using HYSYS software, models for the dehydration and dehydrocarbonization blocks and the ethylene glycol regeneration block are established to simulate the impact of the pre-cooler inlet gas temperature on the reflux liquid amount of condensed water. The results indicate that maintaining the alcohol chamber liquid level control at around 51% for the alcohol-hydrocarbon liquid three-phase separator and setting the alcohol chamber liquid level at approximately 55% for the rich liquid buffer tank can effectively reduce liquid-phase separation losses. Within the allowable range of process parameters, lowering the inlet gas temperature before the alcohol injection point is beneficial for the separation of condensed water, thereby achieving the goal of reducing ethylene glycol consumption. Without modifying the process pipelines and pressure vessels, controlling the liquid levels of the ethylene glycol regeneration unit separator and the pre-cooler inlet gas temperature before the alcohol injection point can significantly reduce ethylene glycol consumption. In 2023, ethylene glycol consumption decreased to 6.9 mg/m³, resulting in a reduction of 31.51 t of ethylene glycol consumption and effectively reducing production costs at the processing station.

PRACTICE OF MIXING VACUUM RESIDUE INTO DEEP CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT

2025, 56(1):  131-137. 

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A company has carried out the production practice of mixing vacuum residue(VR)into a 2.2 Mt/a deep catalytic cracking (DCC) unit. After mixing VR, the effect of mixed feed quality deterioration on product distribution, product properties, operating parameters, catalyst consumption, energy consumption and long-term stable operation of the plant was comprehensively analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures were taken. The results show that the raw material quality of DCC is improved by changing the raw material of upstream unit to medium/light crude oil. By optimizing the mixing ratio of DCC unit feed, adjusting the operating parameters of DCC unit, increasing the dosage of metal passivator,increasing the amount of catalyst replacement and other countermeasures, the increase of coking tendency of the unit caused by the increase of raw material carbon residue and the adverse effects of heavy metals such as Ni, Ca, Fe,and so on,were weakened, creating a precedent for the mixing VR of similar units,which can ensure the safe and smooth operation of the device. When the VR blending ratio (w) reached 44.4%, the total liquid yield decreased by 1.61 percentage points, the coke yield increased by 1.87 percentage points, and the energy consumption increased by 230.903 MJ/t.

APPLICATION OF THERMALLY ENHANCED SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION COMBINED WITH MICROBIAL DEGRADATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE GAS STATION FIELD REMEDIATION

2025, 56(1):  138-145. 

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A remediation case of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated site in a gas station was introduced,and regarding to the pollution extent and remedy requirement, thermally enhanced soil vapor extraction（TSVE） combined withmicrobial degradationapproach was applied for the in-situ remediation. 10 extraction wells ,5 injection wells and 8 monitoring wells were built in the remedy site.Firstlysoil vapour extraction（SVE）was operated to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the soil,and after 20 d of operation, the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of the site was lower than the screening value of the Class II land of the national standard (GB 36600);Then TSVEwas carried out to extract semi VOCs in the soil. Finally degrading bacteria was injected todegrade the residual pollutants in the soil, and after 45 d, TPH concentration was lower than the screening value of the Class I soil ,which achieved the remedy goal.The results showed that TSVE combined with microbial degradationwas an efficient and green remedy approach，providing practical reference for the similar site remediation.

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR SPECIAL HIGH POLLUTANT LOAD EFFLUENT

2025, 56(1):  146-153. 

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In response to the safety and environmental issues related to the storage and treatment of special high concentration wastewater in a petrochemical enterprise, this paper conducted experimental research on pretreatment mainly based on electrochemical oxidation. The process parameters of electrochemical oxidation were determined through small-scale experiments. The results of the side line test show that under various water ratios, the pretreatment technology mainly based on electrochemical oxidation can achieve ammonia nitrogen removal rate greater than 93% and chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal rate greater than 45%. After analyzing and solving the problem of engineering scaling up, the industrial device operated stably for 7 months.The results showed that under stable incoming water conditions, the mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the effluent was less than 35 mg/L, and the COD was less than 1000 mg/L, meeting the requirements for pre-treatment effluent.This study solves the problem of storage and treatment of such special wastewater.

STUDY ON SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHER POLYOLS

2025, 56(1):  154-159. 

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By choosing the right feeding method, polyether polyols with low unsaturation and narrow molecular weight distribution can be prepared by using KOH as catalyst to catalyze the polymerization of epoxy monomer with alcohol or phenol.The amount of catalyst used and the reaction temperature affect the yield and the quality of the product to a great extent, so controlling the appropriate amount of catalyst and reaction temperature is the key to the preparation of polyether polyols.When different phenols and alcohols are used as starting agents, the reactivity decreases gradually with the increase of chain length, and more catalysts and longer reaction time are needed to achieve high reaction yield.Compared with propylene oxide, the reactivity of epoxy butane decreased due to the increase of steric hindrance, and more catalysts were needed to prepare polyether products with designed molecular weight.When epoxy propane and epoxy butane are used as epoxy monomers at the same time, copolymerization of polyether products with variable structure can be prepared by adjusting the feed ratio of the two.The polyether product prepared by this method has low bromine value and molecular weight distribution below 1.10, and after post-treatment, the water content of the product can be kept below 0.2%, the potassium ion content is below 1 μg/g, and the product quality is high.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF D1 AND API CK-4 SPECIFICATION AND R&D OF DIESEL ENGINE OIL PACKAGE

2025, 56(1):  160-166. 

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The differences in physicochemical properties and engine test performance between D1 and API CK-4 specification were compared. Furthermore, the correlation between D1 and API CK-4 specification, the applicability of RIPP C0010 diesel engine oil package technology to domestic engines were systematically analyzed based on the evaluation results of the engine tests. The results show that except for high temperature and high shear viscosity after shearing, D1 and API CK-4 specification have same physical and chemical indexes. The 4 engine tests of D1 specification can evaluate the engine oil properties, such as antioxidation, cleaning, dispersion, anti-wear performance, and so on, achieving the evaluation effect of 10 engine tests of API CK-4 specification, but it is still necessary to further improve its base oil exchange guideline and viscosity grade extension guideline. The driving test results show that RIPP C0010 diesel engine oil can meet the requirements of 60000 km oil-change cycle for heavy-duty diesel engines.

PREPARATION OF A SPECIAL WAX FOR SEALING PLASTIC BALL SHELL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE PILL

2025, 56(1):  167-171. 

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A special wax for sealing the plastic ball shell of the traditional Chinese medicine pill was prepared with excellent performances in deformation-resistance at high temperature and in anti-cracking at low temperature. Taking the mixture of fully refined wax No.54 and slack microcrystalline wax No.80 as base wax, the effects of diferent additives were investigated on the perfomances of the base wax melting point, viscosity and other properties. An optimum formula for preparing the sealing wax was determined that the dosage of low molecular weight polyethylene, C₅ petroleum resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, auxiliary viscosity modifier A, coal based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic soft wax and amorphous poly alpha olefin was 1%, 1%, 0.5%, 3.0%, 20% and 1.5%, respectively. The special wax prepared under the conditions of 120 ℃, 30 min and stirring speed of 200 r/min has the advantages of nondeformation and non-cracking at 40 ℃ and －10—－20 ℃, is better than the reference sample.

DETAILED HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS AND PROPERTY PREDICTION OF GASOLINE BY FAST GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

2025, 56(1):  172-180. 

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A fast gas chromatographic method for detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasoline was established by using a 40 m×0.10 mm×0.20 μm narrow diameter non-polar capillary column and H₂ as carrier gas. For the fluid catalytic cracking gasoline sample, it could be separated to get 367 chromatographic peaks from C₃ to C₁₂ range, with retention time of 30 min for n-dodecane. The absolute difference of retention times for the same component of three runs were less than 0.02 min, and the absolute difference of retention indices were less than 0.50. For the components with concentrations above 0.5%, the relative standard deviations of the results were less than 6%. And for the components with concentrations below 0.5%, the relative standard deviations of the results were less than 10%.Corrected models for calculation of physical/chemical parameters ,including density, refractive index, saturated vapor pressure, carbon and hydrogen element content, bromine number, and average molecular weight, were established. Calculation results of density, refractive index, saturated vapor pressure of gasoline samples showed consistent with the results from real analysis. The physical/chemical parameters calculated using hydrocarbon results from fast analysis showed consistent with that from routine analysis using 50 m×0.20 mm×0.50 μm non-polar column, which meant that the established corrected models could also be used to calculate the physical/chemical parameters with the data from fast analysis.

STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE DETERMINATION OF SULFUR CONTENT IN AEROSPACE KEROSENE BY UV FLUORESCENCE METHOD

2025, 56(1):  181-186. 

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The influences of various parameters of UV-fluorescence method on the test results of sulfur content of space kerosene were systematically studied. The laws of the change of sulfur signal integral value of space kerosene with injection speed, injection volume,negative high voltage,cracking oxygen flow rate, argon flow rate, imported oxygen flow rate and cracking temperature were analyzed. The optimal test conditions were obtained. The experimental results showedthe main factors affecting the accurate determination of sulfur content by UV fluorescence method were injection rate, oxygen flow rate, argon flow rate and negative high voltage.The optimal injection rate and argon flow rate were affected by the thermal cracking of space kerosene,the optimal cracking oxygen flow rate was related to the injection rate,the negative high voltage range was determined by the baseline noise condition,the optimal injection volume was determined by the influence of negative high pressure on the minimum injection volume.Thisstudy provides a reference to measure accurately the sulfur content of aerospace kerosene by ultraviolet fluorescence method, and also provides an experimental method to explore the best test conditions.