Abstract: Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy calibration models for determining the main physical and chemical properties of crude oil were built using partial least square method based on NIR spectral library consisting of data from 275 crude oils. A method for rapid identification of crude oil type, named moving window correlation coefficient, was proposed, which can distinguish spectra of highly similar crude oils.For blended crude oils, library spectra fitting method was used to obtain pseudo-blended crude oil types and their corresponding blending proportions. Combined with crude oil assay database, detailed crude oil data of unknown crude oils can be rapidly provided by the above methods.