Abstract: The pyrolysis of oil shale from Minhe Basin under three different medium conditions (shale retort, with deionized water and with alkalic saturated potassium chloride solution) was investigated using autoclave simulation device. The formation of shale oil and shale gas in the three-series was analyzed and compared. Test results show that as compared with shale retort, under aqueous medium more shale oil can be produced. With deionized water medium, the average yield of shale oil increases from 83.66 mg/g (shale retort case) to 210.15 mg/g, yet it seems to suppress the formation of shale gas; in alkalic saturated potassium chloride medium, both average yields of shale oil and shale gas go up, the former increases form 83.66 mg/g to 186.16 mg/g and the latter increases from 7.56 mL/g (shale retort case) to 9.08 mL/g.