绿色节能的萃取精馏工艺设计与强化

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 萃取精馏是一种通过添加新的溶剂来分离多组分共沸物的分离技术，能够有效地提取和分离混合物中的目标物质。在传统的萃取精馏工艺存在着分离效率低、能耗高和环境污染严重等不足，急需设计节能高效的强化萃取精馏工艺的背景下，首先总结了萃取精馏工艺的设计路线，指出热力学拓扑理论在萃取精馏工艺设计中的重要地位，研究了过程强化在精馏工艺设计中的应用。介绍了萃取精馏中萃取剂的选择方法，详细说明了相对挥发度和分子模拟在其中的应用，介绍了萃取精馏工艺参数优化和设计的方法，讨论了顺序迭代优化和多目标优化的优势和劣势，可为绿色节能萃取精馏工艺的设计与强化提供新的思路和方法，为相关领域的研究和应用提供参考。

关键词: 绿色节能, 萃取精馏, 共沸物分离, 萃取剂筛选, 过程强化

Abstract: Extractive distillation is a separation technique for multi-component azeotropes by adding new solvents, which can effectively extract and separate the target substance in the mixture. However, traditional extractive distillation processes have drawbacks such as low separation efficiency, high energy consumption, and severe environmental pollution. With the depletion of energy and the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, energy-saving and efficient separation of azeotropes is of great significance for the development and design of chemical processes. It is urgent to design an energy-saving and efficient enhanced extractive distillation process. Firstly, the design route of extractive distillation process was summarized, andthe important position of thermodynamic topology theory in process design was pointed out. Secondly, the application of process strengthening in distillation process design was studied. Thirdly, the selection method of extractants in extractive distillation was pointed out, and the application of relative volatility and molecular simulation in it was explained in detail. Finally, the methods for optimizing and designing extractive distillation process parameters were introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of sequential iterative optimization and multi-objective optimization were discussed. This study provideda new idea and method for the design and enhancement of green and energy-saving extractive distillation processes, and provided reference for research and application in related fields.

Key words: green and energy-saving, extractive distillation, separation of azeotropes, extraction agent screening, process enhancement

吴启铭王振徐文武辛蕾蕾崔培哲. 绿色节能的萃取精馏工艺设计与强化[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2024, 55(2): 128-134.

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