填料对曝气生物滤池处理石化反渗透浓水的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分别以重质颗粒活性炭、轻质颗粒活性炭、柱状活性炭和陶粒为填料构建了4个并行曝气生物滤池（BAF）反应器，考察了填料对BAF处理石化行业反渗透浓水（ROC）能力的影响。连续进水试验结果表明：填料的理化特性是影响BAF处理石化行业ROC能力的关键，装填轻质颗粒活性炭的BAF反应器凭借填料的高比表面积（1001 m²/g）和丰富的孔隙结构可使负载生物量（以P计）达2.21 nmol/g，微生物活性为9.43 μg/(g.h)，可使ROC中总有机碳质量浓度平均降低78.22%；而装填比表面积为0.95 m2/g的陶粒的BAF反应器仅使ROC中总有机碳质量浓度平均降低7.37%。高通量测序结果显示，装填轻质颗粒活性炭的BAF反应器拥有较高的群落多样性，成功富集了以Nitrospira（相对丰度为3.76%）、Pseudomonas（相对丰度为3.34%）、Phaeodactylibacter（相对丰度为1.88%）和Caldilinea（相对丰度为0.54%）等功能菌群为优势菌属的微生物群落。

关键词: 曝气生物滤池, 反渗透浓水, 有机物降解, 三维荧光光谱, 活性炭

Abstract: To elucidate the influence of carriers on the performance of Biological Aerated Filters (BAFs) in treating Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC) from the petrochemical industry, this study constructed four parallel BAF reactors using dense granular activated carbon (Carrier 1), lightweight granular activated carbon (Carrier 2), columnar activated carbon (Carrier 3), and ceramic particles (Carrier 4).The continuous-flow experiment demonstrated that the physicochemical properties of the carriers were key to treatment performance. Carrier 2, with its high specific surface area (1001 m²/g) and rich pore structure, supported a biomass of 2.21 nmol P/g and a microbial activity of 9.43 μg/(g·h), achieving a TOC removal rate of 78.22%. In contrast, the reactor with Carrier 4, which had a specific surface area of only 0.95 m2/g, showed a TOC removal rate of just 7.37%.High-throughput sequencing results revealed that the reactor with Carrier 2 possessed higher community diversity and successfully enriched a microbial community dominated by functional bacterial groups such as Nitrospira (3.76%), Pseudomonas (3.34%), Phaeodactylibacter (1.88%), and Caldilinea (0.54%). This research provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of ROC in the petrochemical industry.

Key words: biological aerated filter, reverse osmosis concentrate, organic matter degradation, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, activated carbon

常成秦冰高峰桑军强赵锐. 填料对曝气生物滤池处理石化反渗透浓水的影响[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2026, 57(4): 138-146.

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