关键词: 流态复合材料, 防渗层, 煤基固体废物, 高强度, 污染源头防控, 石化企业

Abstract:

1. To address the challenges of limited construction space, difficult implementation and high overall costs for anti-seepage layer construction in irregular and narrow areas such as pipelines, storage tanks, ponds and trenches in petrochemical enterprises, a technology for constructing high-strength anti-seepage layers using fluid composite materials is developed. Adopting coal-based solid waste treated by mechanical-chemical synergistic activation as the core cementitious material, composite slurry is prepared by breaking the dense vitreous structure of fly ash through mechanical grinding, and combining with a special additive system consisting of alkaline impermeability composite additive A and modified polycarboxylate high-efficiency dispersant B. Laboratory tests and a 100 m² field demonstration in petrochemical enterprises are conducted to comprehensively verify the construction adaptability and engineering performance of the material. The results show that under the optimized formulation, the composite slurry has moderate viscosity (2590–4454 mPa.s) and exhibits excellent fluidity, filling performance and segregation resistance. The consolidated material at 28 days achieves a compressive strength of 36.0 MPa, an impermeability grade of P20, and a permeability coefficient as low as 2.66×10^-10 cm/s, with key performance indicators significantly exceeding the requirements of the Code for Anti-seepage Technology of Petrochemical Engineering. This technology eliminates the need for large formwork and complex vibration, enabling rapid pouring in densely piped areas with an initial setting time of about 3 hours and excellent forming quality after 14 days of curing. It realizes the resource utilization of industrial solid waste and reduces material costs by more than 20% compared with traditional high-performance concrete. With low construction disturbance and short construction period, the technology provides an efficient and reliable solution for source pollution prevention and control in irregular and narrow areas of operational enterprises, possessing broad engineering application prospects.

Key words: fluid composite, anti-seepage layer, coal-based solid waste, high strength, pollution source prevention, petrochemical enterprise