Table of Content

12 November 2009, Volume 40 Issue 11

Previous Issue    Next Issue

加工工艺

TECHNOLOGIES FOR INCREASING GASOLINE PRODUCTION FROM NAPHTHA AND LIGHT HYDROCARBONS

Ma Aizeng

2009, 40(11):  1-7.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1772 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The technologies for maximizing gasoline production from naphtha and light hydrocarbons are reviewed and studied. It is found that the octane yield (the product of multiplying liquid yield by RON) is affected by the types of catalytic reforming process and the processing routes; the octane yield is increased by properly selecting reforming catalyst and optimizing operation conditions. The isomerization of light naphtha can significantly increase the octane yield, and furthermore, a newly developed upgrading process without hydrogen presence can convert light hydrocarbons, such as C4 fraction, to high octane gasoline blending components, and at the same time to produce LPG having more than 95% of paraffins as vehicle fuel, which is an effective way to increase the value of light hydrocarbon resources.

STUDY ON THE PASSIVATION OF PRESULFIDED HYDROGENATION CATALYST WITH PARAFFIN WAX

Yang Chun-liang

2009, 40(11):  8-11.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1909 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The passivation treatment of presulfided hydrogenation catalyst was conducted using a dehydrated and dearomatization paraffin wax as passivator and the effect of treating conditions on the maximum self-heating temperature and the activity of the catalyst was investigated. The activities of catalysts prior and post to passivation were evaluated by continues fixed-bed micro-reactor using FCC diesel fraction as feed and their maximum self-heating temperatures were determined on an ONU device. Test results show that it is feasible to passivate presulfided hydrogenation catalyst with paraffin wax, the self-heating behavior of the treated catalyst is improved significantly and the catalyst activity remains quite well. The optimal passivation conditions are under a wax/catalyst mass ratio of 0.15, a passivation temperature of 40℃ and a treating time of 10～15min, besides, the treatment is simple and convenient.

SUPER DESULFURIZATION COMBINED TECHNOLOGY OF FIBER FILM OXIDATIVE EXTRACTION-PHOTOCATALYSIS FOR FCC GASOLINE

XU Ya-rong Wang Lei Benxian Shen

2009, 40(11):  12-15.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1599 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The removal of sulfur-containing compounds from FCC gasoline was studied by a combination technology of fiber film extraction and photocatalysis-oxidation. The influences of operation conditions on the total sulfur removal rate and desulfurization rates of mercaptan, alkyl sulfide and thiophene were investigated. The experimental results show that under the optimum extraction conditions of at atmosphere pressure, a reaction temperature of 30℃ and a solvent/oil volume ratio of 0.67, as well as under the optimum photocatalysis oxidation conditions of a reaction temperature range of 30～40℃ and a reaction time of 1 h, the sulfur content of the treated gasoline is 8.7 μg/g, which well meets the requirement of Europe V exhaust standard, besides, the treated oil yield is more than 95%.

A METHOD OF REMOVING THIOL FROM RFCC GASOLINE BY LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION USING AQUA AMMONIA

SHI Ying-Jun

2009, 40(11):  16-19.  doi:

Asbtract ( 2058 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A new method of removing thiol from RFCC naphtha by liquid-liquid extraction using aqua ammonia was introduced. Results showed that at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, using naphtha from RFCC unit of SINOPEC Jinan Company as feed and 26%～28% ammonia as solvent, under the conditions of a solutizer (B32) dosage of 10 µg/g (based on feed), a catalyst dosage of 15 µg/g (based on feed), an ammonia amount of 0.6% (based on feed mass fraction) and a separation time of 5 h, the doctor test of the treated gasoline was qualified, and without negative effect on its other properties. In this method, pre-alkali washing of feed was omitted, and the aqua ammonia could be recovered and reused, which significantly reduced the operation fee.

ALKYLATION OF PHENOL WITH CYCLOHEXANOL CATALYZED BY ACIDIC IONIC LIQUID

2009, 40(11):  20-23.  doi:

Asbtract ( 2115 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Alkylation of phenol with cyclohexanol catalyzed by SO3H-functionalized ionic liquid was investigated. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, molar ratios of reactants, the amount and the recycle of ionic liquid on the alkylation reaction were studied. Results showed that under the optimum reaction conditions of the molar ratios of phenol/cyclohexanol/ionic liquid=14:10:1, a reaction temperature of 200 ℃ and a reaction time of 6 h, the conversion of phenol and the selectivity of para-cyclohexylphenol were 75.7% and 61.6%, respectively. When the ionic liquid was reused over three times, its catalytic activity was basically remained unchanged．

催化剂

EFFECT OF THE SILANATION OF HZSM-5 ZEOLITE ON ITS AROMATIZATION PERFORMANCE

2009, 40(11):  24-27.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1812 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

HZSM-5 zeolite was treated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to study the effect of silane on the catalyst performance including the acidity distribution, catalytic activity and stability. Test results showed that as compared with the untreated HZSM-5 zeolite the amount of Lewis acid sites of the treated zeolite was basically unchanged; the amount of Brönsted acid sites decreased significantly with the increase of silane content, at the same time, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the liquid product increased gradually. Furthermore, the zeolite stability was improved, and the optimal silane content (the starting ratio of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to HZSM-5 zeolite) was 37.0%.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 9,9-BIS (METHYL ACETATE) FLUORINE, AN INTERNAL DONOR OF POLYPROPYLENE CATALYST

xu zhao-hui

2009, 40(11):  28-31.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1777 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

9,9-bis (methyl acetate) fluorene was synthesized from 9,9-bis (hydromethyl) fluorine (BHMF) and acetic anhydride under a solvent-free condition using I2 as catalyst. The structure of 9,9-bis (methyl acetate) fluorene was characterized by means of FT-IR and NMR. The effects of reaction conditions, such as reactants mole ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature and catalyst dosage, on the yield of 9,9-bis (methyl acetate) fluorene were investigated. Test results showed that under the optimal reaction conditions of mole ratios of BHMF/acetic anhydride/I2=1.0:6.0:0.016, a reaction temperature of 25℃ and a reaction time of 5 h, the yield and purity of 9,9-bis (methyl acetate) fluorene reached 78.6% and 98.7%, respectively.

设备及防腐

THE RISKS OF PROCESSING HIGH-SULFUR CRUDE OIL IN CRUDE DISTILLATION UNIT AND COUNTERMEASURES

HUANG Wei-Qiang

2009, 40(11):  32-35.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1746 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The risks and high corrosive zones of processing high-sulfur crude oil in the crude distillation unit of SINOPEC Gaoqiao Company were analyzed and reviewed. Then some countermeasures for ensuring safety operation of the unit were proposed in order to process more inexpensive high-sulfur crude oil for increase the economic benefit of the Company.

PILOT PLANT TEST OF REMOVING CATALYST FINES FROM FCC SLURRY WITH SINTERED STAINLESS STEEL FILTER CORE

Huaiming DU rongzhen LUO

2009, 40(11):  36-39.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1816 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The existence of huge amount of catalyst fine particles in FCC slurry restricted the utilization of slurry oil as high additional value products. Thus filtration tests of removing catalyst fine particles from slurry oil were conducted in pilot plant scale, using sintered stainless steel filter cores as filtration medium and slurry from RFCC unit (BP over 380℃) as feed. Test results showed that during the more than one month running and debugging, the filtration device was operated steadily and the removal rate of catalyst particles was more than 95%. After filtration the ash content of the slurry oil dropped from the original 2 000～3 000 μg/g to less than 100 μg/g, which could meet the requirements of various further utilizations.

油品与添加剂

STUDY ON THE ELASTOMER COMPATIBILITY OF RUBBER SEED OIL BIODIESEL

XU Shi-Hai

2009, 40(11):  40-43.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1927 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The elastomer compatibility of rubber seed oil biodiesel was studied involving eight kinds of elastomers, pure rubber seed oil biodiesel (BD100), 0# diesel fuel, blended rubber seed oil biodiesel (BD20) and nitrile rubbers with various rubber contents. Results showed that when eight kinds of elastomers were soaked in BD100 for a long term, the physical properties of elastomers, such as mass, volume and hardness, were changed and the changes from more to less were in the order of nature rubber＞epdm rubber＞chloroprene rubber＞polyacrylate rubber＞nitrile rubber＞hydrogenated nitrile rubber＞fluoro silicone rubber＞fluorine rubber. Test results of soaking elastomers in 0# diesel fuel, BD20 and BD100 showed that the changes in physical properties of elastomers decreased with the decrease of biodiesel content in fuels. Tests of fuels with nitrile rubbers having various rubber contents showed that the changes of the physical properties of nitrile rubbers varied with the various of rubber content in nitrile rubber, thus the changes of elastomer properties could be altered by adjusting the rubber content in elastomers. However, test results of soaking sealing O-rings from conventional vehicle in BD20 for a long term showed that their compatibility was excellent.

A LABORATORY STUDY OF USING FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHETIC FUEL AS JET FUEL

Xue－Yan

2009, 40(11):  44-47.  doi:

Asbtract ( 2097 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The compositions and properties of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic kerosene fraction from the indirect liquefaction of domestic coal were studied and the feasibility of using this fraction as jet fuel was discussed. The test results showed that this synthetic kerosene fraction was mainly composed of paraffinic hydrocarbons and monocyclic naphthenic hydrocarbons, besides, only a minor amount of single-ring aromatic hydrocarbons was found, two-ring or three-ring aromatic hydrocarbons were non-detectable. Since some indexes of said fraction, such as density, freezing point and flash point, were not satisfied the specifications of 3# Jet Fuel National Standard (GB 6537-2006), it could not be used as jet fuel directly. Due to the characteristics of low in sulfur, nitrogen and aromatics contents, high in thermal stability, this synthetic kerosene fraction could be used as jet fuel blending components by further altering processing routes, which would improve the thermal stability of conventional jet fuel and would reduce exhaust pollution as well.

USING VISCOSITY REDUCER TO IMPROVE THE WATER FLOODING EFFECTIVENESS IN DAGANG VISCOUS CRUDE PRODUCTION

2009, 40(11):  48-51.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1856 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

On the basis of analyzing the components and structure of the viscous crude from zone 109-1 in Dagang oilfield, a high effective viscosity reducer was developed for high temperature and high mineral salt reservoir. The mixture of water and viscous crude could form a stable O/W emulsion when using the developed viscosity reducer having water content of more than 30% and with an added dosage of 1000 mg/L (based on the total amount of water and viscous crude). The viscosity reduction rate was more than 97% and no negative effect was observed on the demulsification of produced liquid having viscosity reducer. The results of core flood experiments showed that the oil recovery rate of displacement system containing viscosity reducer increased by 22% as compared with that of water flooding system, which indicated that with the decrease of crude viscosity, the oil-water mobility ratio was improved, the sweep efficiency was increased and the oil recovery was enhanced significantly.

STUDY ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF BENZOTHIAZOLE ESTER COMPOUNDS CONTAINING BORON IN RAPESEED OIL

2009, 40(11):  52-56.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1741 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Two benzothiazole ester compounds containing boron with different alkyl chain, Di-n-hexyl-[2-(2-benzothiazolylthio)] ethyl boric acid ester (BNS-1) and Dicyclohexyl-[2-(2-benzothiazolylthio)] ethyl boric acid ester(BNS-2), were synthesized and their tribological performance as additives in rapeseed oil （RSO）was investigated using a four-ball testing machine. The anticorrosive properties and oil solubility of these compounds were tested as well. The worn surfaces of the steel ball tested were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a results, benzothiazole ester compounds containing boron as RSO additives exhibited good oil-soluble and anticorrosive properties, as well as enhanced load-carrying capacity. The tribological performance of BNS-2 containing naphthenic groups was even better than that of BNS-1 containing alkyl groups, which indicated that the tribological performance varied with the various molecular structures of the derivatives in RSO.

分析与评定

DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL PENTANE IN DE-OILED ASPHALT OF LIAOHE HEAVY CRUDE VACUUM RESIDUUM BY STATIC HEADSPACE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

Sun Xianfeng XU Zhi-ming Suo-Qi ZHAO

2009, 40(11):  57-60.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1762 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A method for the determination of residual pentane content in de-oiled asphalt of Liaohe heavy crude vacuum residuum (VR) was studied by using static headspace gas chromatography. The effects of gas-liquid phase ratio, equilibrium time and equilibrium temperature on headspace analysis were investigated. Test results showed that for this determination method the linear testing range was pentane content within 0～12.94% (R= 0.9997), the detectable limit of pentane was 0.11% and the recovery rates of adding standard material were 98.19%～104.66%. The pentane content of asphalt particles with high softening point from Liaohe heavy crude VR was less than 0.5% determined by said method.

优化与控制

PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION OF HYDRO-UPGRADING LIGHT PROPANE DEASPHALTED OIL TO HEAVY LUBE BASE OIL

2009, 40(11):  61-64.  doi:

Asbtract ( 2151 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Measures for optimizing the production of heavy lube base oil from light propane deasphalted oil (DAO) in SINOPEC Jingmen Company were reviewed. The feedstock of propane deasphalting was broadened by blending the vacuum residue (VR) of Nanyang and Jianghan mixed paraffinic base crude into the VR of intermediate base pipeline crude. The propane deasphalting process was optimized by proper adjusting the C4 content in propane stream and raising the top temperature of settler to obtain light DAO with high yield and good quality simultaneously. In furfural refining unit according to the critical solution temperature of light DAO in furfural, the solvent to oil ratio, top and bottom temperature of the extraction tower were optimized to increase throughput and treated oil yield. Besides optimizing the hydro-upgrading temperature, in ketone-benzol dewaxing unit the water content of solvent was reduced and filter aid was applied to increase the yield of dewaxed oil. Since adopting the above optimization measures, heavy lube base oil was successfully produced by using light DAO from broadened VR feedstock.

OPTIMIZATION OF WAX OIL PROCESSING SCHEME BY USING PIMS MODEL

2009, 40(11):  65-69.  doi:

Asbtract ( 1727 )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The optimization of wax oil processing scheme using Processes Industry Modeling System (PIMS) software in SINOPEC Guangzhou Company was introduced. By estimating the maximum interest through shadow price, it was found that in the present high crude oil price stage, the interest of the integrated processing units could be increased by processing more purchased wax oil and selling more hydrocracked tail oil. Case study of various wax oil processing schemes showed that an optimal plan for the distribution of wax oils with various qualities to processing units having various capacities and functions could be obtained via PIMS modeling, thereby the economic benefit of the Company could be increased.