PETROLEUM PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICALS

PROCESSING FEED WITH HIGH BLENDING RATIO OF CRUDE OIL IN MIP-CGP PROCESS

2008, 39(12): 1-5. doi:

Asbtract ( 1984 )

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During the shutdown of atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit at SINOPEC Jinling Company, crude oil after desalination was sent to FCC unit directly. Technology for processing feed with high blending ratio of crude oil in FCC unit adopting MIP-CGP process was introduced. Since the mixed crude having wide boiling range, high contents of heavy metals and high acid number, managements of feedstock, catalyst, process operation and equipment corrosion were emphasized for ensuring product quality. The operation results showed that the qualified rate of product qualities reached 99.33% and the total liquid yield reached 84.52% in that period.

ANALYSIS OF MASS TRANSFER OF THE ABSORPTION/DESORPTION SYSTEM IN FCCU AND PROCESS IMPROVEMENT FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION

2008, 39(12): 6-11. doi:

Asbtract ( 1725 )

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Process simulation of the mass transfer of absorption-desorption system in FCC unit was carried out for energy conservation. Results showed that dual direction mass transfer, which was similar with the fractionation operation, existed in the separation process of absorption-desorption system. Thus a new energy-saving absorption-desorption process, a combination of an absorption/cooling tower and an absorption/desorption tower, was proposed. The simulation results showed that as compared with the present double-tower process with heating at the middle, the total energy consumption of the new process could reduce more than 15%.

LABORATORY STUDY ON THE DEACIDIFICATION OF DISTILLATES UNDER AMBIENT TEMPERATURE USING DEACIDIFIED AGENT AND COALESCER

YANG Wen-Qian

2008, 39(12): 12-15. doi:

Asbtract ( 2847 )

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Research on the deacidification of distillates under ambient temperature using deacidified agent and coalescing filter was carried out in lab and the effects of coalescing filtration temperature, alkali consumption, volume ratio of agent to oil, stirring intensity and reaction time on the acid removal were investigated. It was found that under ambient temperature with optimum operation conditions of an alkali consumption of 1.0 (mole ratio of sodium hydroxide to naphthenic acid), an agent/oil volume ratio of 0.02, a stirring intensity of 300 r/min and a reaction time of 40 s, the acid number of refined straight run diesel fuel was 0.2 mgKOH/(100mL) and with a yield of 99.8%. The operation was flexible and the oil content of alkali waste obtained by coalescing filtration was much lower as compared with that by conventional electro-alkali refining and deacidification using deacidified agent I or II. The quality of naphthenic acid reached the 2# acid standard of SH/T0530-92 with low oil content. Adopting deacidification technology with coalescing filtration under ambient temperature, the high voltage electric field was eliminated, the deacidification process was much simplified, thus the operation cost and energy consumption were reduced significantly.

Separation of Naphthenic Acids from Highly Acidic Crude Oil by Forming Ionic Liquids

Benxian Shen

2008, 39(12): 16-20. doi:

Asbtract ( 2675 )

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A basic deacidification agent, imidazole in ethanol solution, was used to remove naphthenic acids from various acidic crude oils by forming ionic liquids, which could be easy to be separated from crude oil due to their significant differences in polarities. The effects of imidazole content in ethanol, reagent/oil ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature and blending intensity on the acid removal rate were studied and optimum reaction conditions of single stage extraction were obtained. Four crude oils with acid number from high to low in the order of Beijiang crude  Penglai crude  1# blending crude  2# blending crude were involved in the study. Results showed that under the conditions of an imidazole content of 30%, a reagent/oil ratio of 0.4, a reaction time of 5 min, a reaction temperature of 30℃ and with a blending intensity of 300 r/min, the 1-stage acid removal rates of Beijiang crude, Penglai crude, 1# blending crude and 2# blending crude were 61.5%, 68.6%, 70.6% and 72.2%, respectively. When 3-stage countercurrent extractions were carried out for these four crude oils, the acid removal rates at a reagent/oil ratio of 0.4 and 0.6 reached about 75% and more than 84%, respectively.

OLIGOMERIZATION OF DECENE OVER AlCl3/TiCl4 CATALYST TO PREPARE SYNTHETIC LUBE BASE OIL

2008, 39(12): 21-24. doi:

Asbtract ( 1972 )

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The polymerization of decene to prepare synthetic lube base oil over AlCl3/TiCl4 catalyst was studied. Various catalyst systems and olefin feeds were compared and the effects of catalyst dosage, Al/Ti mole ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the properties of obtained polyalpha-olefin (PAO) were investigated. Test results showed that AlCl3/TiCl4 catalyst was the preferred catalyst system for polymerization of decene to prepare PAO. The PAO yield increased with the increase of catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time; yet PAO yield decreased significantly with the increase of Al/Ti mole ratio. The viscosity index of PAO under the test conditions was good. However, the kinematic viscosity (at 100℃) of PAO changed sharply with the change of Al/Ti mole ratio, thus different grades of PAO products having various viscosities could be prepared by adjusting the Al/Ti mole ratio of catalyst.

THE EFFECT OF PROCESSING SOUR CRUDE OIL ON THE EQUIPMENT CORROSION OF PROPANE DEASPHALTING UNIT AND COUNTERMEASURES

2008, 39(12): 25-27. doi:

Asbtract ( 1873 )

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The corrosion mechanism of sulfides and the equipment corrosion status of propane deasphalting unit since processing vacuum residue with high sulfur content were introduced. Through analyzing the corrosion causes, measures for suppressing corrosion, such as adding an absorption tower using MDEA to remove H2S in the solvent cycle system, covering the inner surface of propane tank with aluminum, reducing the outlet temperature of heater and using anti-corrosion material, were proposed and put into practice. The operation results showed that equipment corrosion was significantly inhibited since adopting theses measures and the running cycle of the unit was prolonged.

STUDY ON THE PROPYLENE FORMATION DURING DEEP CATALYTIC CRACKING OF HEAVY OIL

ZHANG Zhao-Qian Chao-Gang Xie

2008, 39(12): 28-32. doi:

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The cracking behavior and propylene formation during deep catalytic cracking of heavy oil was investigated by using a fixed-bed microreactor in laboratory. The behavior of forming and cracking of carbenium ions was analyzed and the reaction pathway of propylene formation was summarized. It was found that more than 90% of the propylene yield was attributed to the cracking of carbenium ions formed at conversions below 80%, however, with the increase of conversion above 80%, the formation of propylene by the cracking of carbenium ions decreased significantly and the formation of dry gas and coke increased heavily.

STUDY ON PARTICLE VELOCITY AND SLIPPING IN RISER SECTION OF A COMPOUND FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Lu Chunxi Wang De-Wu

2008, 39(12): 33-38. doi:

Asbtract ( 1819 )

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The axial and radial distributions of particle velocity in the riser of a cold model setup, a compound reactor mainly composed of riser and fluidized bed, were investigated by optic fiber probe. The experimental results showed that under a certain superficial gas velocity, the average cross-sectional particle velocity reduced with the increase of circulation intensity; at similar circulation intensities, both the axial and radial particle velocities increased with the increase of superficial gas velocities. Due to the existence of a gas-solid dense phase fluidized bed at the riser exit, the axial particle velocity distributions appeared the tendency of increasing with the bed high firstly then gradually decreasing. Furthermore, an empirical model for particle slip coefficient in riser was established based on the experimental data and theoretical analysis, and the calculated values were in good agreement with the experimental data.

A RESEARCH OF BLENDING GASOLINE IN DIESEL FUEL FOR EMERGENCY USE

2008, 39(12): 39-42. doi:

Asbtract ( 2026 )

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Emergency fuel plays an important role in oil supply during war time. A research of blending gasoline in diesel fuel with various proportions was carried out to analyze the physicochemical properties of the mixed fuels and to evaluate their engine test performance. It was found that diesel fuel blended with a certain amount of gasoline could be used as emergency diesel fuel, yet it could not be used for long since the engine power, twisting moment couple and average eruptive pressure were significantly affected, resulting in poor engine power performance, increase of fuel consumption and etc.

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF RUBBER SEED OIL BIODIESEL FUEL IN DIESEL COOKING EQUIPMENTS

XU Shi-Hai

2008, 39(12): 43-47. doi:

Asbtract ( 2038 )

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The applications of rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel and conventional diesel fuel in diesel cooking equipments, such as vertical electronic controlled diesel combustor, cooking trailer, self-kitchen vehicle and field provision supplied unit, were compared. Results showed that there were no significant differences in ignition property, flame state, burning stability and flame temperature between using rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel and using conventional diesel fuel. However, as compared with conventional diesel fuel, the combustion efficiency of rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel was higher, the carbon monoxide emission, the temperature of exhaust gas and the fuel-consumption of rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel were lower. In conclusion that rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel could fully substitute conventional diesel fuel for the existing diesel cooking equipments, furthermore, using rubber seed oil biodiesel fuel could be more environmental friendly and energy-saving.

STUDY ON PREPARING SPECIAL TYPES OF BITUMEN USING VACUUM RESIDUE FROM INNERMONGOLIA OIL SANDS

2008, 39(12): 48-50. doi:

Asbtract ( 2080 )

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The vacuum residue (VR) of tar sand oil from Innermongolia oil sands was blended with Karamay VR, Gudao VR, Liaohe VR and Shengli VR respectively to investigate the feasibility of preparing asphalt for special uses, such as polishing asphalt and varnish asphalt. Test results showed that 60# polishing asphalt and 3# varnish asphalt could be obtained by blending tar sand VR and Karamay VR in the mass ratios of 25/75 and 30/70, respectively; 60# polishing asphalt could also be prepared by blending tar sand VR and Gudao VR at the mass ratio of 40/60. However, Liaohe VR and Shengli VR could not be used to blend with tar sand VR for preparing special types of asphalt.

MEASURING THE POTENTIAL OIL YIELD OF OIL SAND BY FISCHER ASSAY RETORTING METHOD

XU Xiu-Qiang

2008, 39(12): 51-54. doi:

Asbtract ( 2124 )

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The potential oil yield of Karamay oil sand was measured on a Fischer assay retort, and the effect of factors, such as oil sand particle size, heating rate, final retorting temperature and retorting time, on the determination result was investigated. As a result, the optimum conditions of measuring the oil yield of oil sand were obtained as follows: the particle sizes of oil sands should be in the range of 3～5mm, using a heating rate of 15℃/min, the final retorting temperature was 500℃ and maintaining at 500℃ for 20 min. It was also found that satisfied result of water extraction was obtained by using xylene as solvent. Test results showed that the determination results of this method were in good agreement with the conventional Dean-Stark toluene extraction method.

DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDE CONTENT IN REFINING WASTEWATER WITH HIGH SULFUR CONTENT BY POTENTIOMETRIC METHOD

2008, 39(12): 55-59. doi:

Asbtract ( 2364 )

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When measuring the chloride content of refining wastewater at SINOPEC Anqing Company using volumetric determination with mercury nitrate, end point error seemed to affect the accuracy of test results. Measures, such as improving wastewater sample pretreatment and using potentiometric titration with silver nitrate to replace manual indicator method, were adopted. Since then the recovery rate of Cl- ions reached 99.0%~102.0%, the minimum detection limit was 1.8×10-5 mol/L and the test results of this method were in good agreement with the results of determination by ion chromatography. This method is suitable for determining chloride content of wastewater in refinery and also other concerning environmental wastewater.

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